靶向抗流感病毒药物的抗病毒作用研究进展

Research Progress in Antiviral Effects of Targeted Anti-Influenza Virus Drugs

流行性感冒(简称流感)是由流感病毒引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病,甲型和乙型流感病毒每年呈季节性流行,其中甲型流感病毒可引起全球大流行。当前,临床常采用抗流感病毒药物治疗流感,其主要通过阻止流感病毒的进入、复制和释放而发挥药效。然而,流感病毒亦会通过变异与伪装而逃脱免疫系统的识别和清除,这反过来加速了科研人员对靶向抗流感病毒药物的研发。本文主要对靶向流感病毒的血凝素、M2离子通道蛋白、RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶、Cap依赖性内切酶、神经氨酸酶、非结构蛋白1等为位点的抗流感病毒药物的抗病毒作用进行了综合和分析,以期为临床防治流感和新药的研发提供理论支撑。

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza viruses.Influenza A and B viruses spread seasonally every year,and influenza A virus can cause global pandemics.Presently,anti-influenza virus drugs are often used clinically to treat influenza,which mainly exert their effects by preventing the entry,replication and release of influenza viruses.However,influenza viruses can escape recognition and clearance by the immune system through mutation and disguise,which has accelerated the research and development of targeted anti-influenza virus drugs.This article mainly reviews and analyzes the antiviral effects of the anti-influenza virus drugs targeting the sites of hemagglutinin,M2 ion channel protein,RNA dependent RNA polymerase,Cap-dependent endonuclease,neuraminidase and non-structural protein 1,etc.,so as to provide theoretical support for the clinical prevention and treatment of influenza and the research and development of new drugs.