甲状腺乳头状微小癌的治疗现状

Current Status of Treatment of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma

甲状腺癌是头颈部外科和内分泌系统最普遍的恶性肿瘤,近年甲状腺乳头状微小癌(PTMC)的发病率逐渐升高。但目前关于PTMC的治疗尚存在争议,且小部分PTMC表现为临床显著的局部或远处转移,需要采取综合治疗措施。因此,对于PTMC患者,制订系统规范的治疗程序、寻找精准恰当的治疗手段迫在眉睫。从开放甲状腺手术、腔镜下甲状腺手术到机器人甲状腺手术,PTMC的手术方法不断更新,同时手术治疗指征的把握也更科学、更人性。此外,热消融技术也丰富了PTMC的治疗。未来还可向病因学治疗领域探索与尝试,为疾病的治疗提供新思路。

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck surgery and endocrine system.The incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC)has gradually increased in recent years.However,the treatment of PTMC is still controversial,and a small part of PTMC has clinically significant local or distant metastasis,which requires comprehensive therapeutic measures.Therefore,for patients with PTMC,it is urgent to formulate systematic and standardized treatment procedures and find accurate and appropriate treatment means.From open thyroid surgery,endoscopic thyroid surgery to robotic thyroid surgery,the surgical methods of PTMC are constantly updated.At the same time,the indications of surgical treatment are more scientific and humane.In addition,thermal ablation techniques have also enriched the treatment of PTMC.In the future,the field of etiological treatment can also be explored and tried to provide new ideas for the treatment.