张岱小品文用典的特色与意蕴——以《陶庵梦忆》为例

On the characteristics and implications of Zhang Dai’s essay allusions——Taking Recollections of Taoan’s Past Dreams as an example

在中国文学史上,张岱的小品文素来以独抒性灵的风格而著称,用典是其作品的一大特色。张岱的代表作《陶庵梦忆》用典有语典和事典,涉及经史子集和众多文史人物,典故众多和典源丰富是其用典主要个性。张岱小品文用典方法多样,有直用、化用、正用、反用、明用、暗用六种。张岱小品文用典意蕴深厚,展现了明清之际的社会生活,为后世散文创作树立典范。

In the history of Chinese literature,Zhang Dai’s essays have always been famous for their unique and expressive style,and the use of allusions is a major feature of his essays.The allusions in his representative work,Recollections of Taoan’s Past Dreams,include language allusions and event allusions,involving the collection of classics and history and many literary and historical figures,and the allusions are mainly featured by numerous quantity and rich sources.There are various ways in the use of the allusions,including direct use,formal use and explicit use,etc.Zhang Dai’s essays have a profound meaning of allusions,showing the social life in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and setting a model for later generations’prose creation.