儿童第二乳磨牙近中面釉质凹陷临床分析

A CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF ENAMEL DEPRESSION ON THE MESIAL SURFACE OF THE SECOND DECIDUOUS MOLARS IN CHILDREN

目的分析第二乳磨牙近中边缘嵴、近中面-舌面非边缘嵴釉质凹陷的分布特点及近中面患龋情况,为第二乳磨牙邻面龋齿防治提供参考。方法选取157名至少1颗第二乳磨牙存在近中边缘嵴釉质凹陷的儿童,分析该组儿童第二乳磨牙近中边缘嵴釉质凹陷、近中面-舌面非边缘嵴釉质凹陷的种类和分布情况及近中面的龋损情况。结果共收集第二乳磨牙628颗。69.4%的第二乳磨牙近中边缘嵴存在釉质凹陷,Ⅲ型主要分布于下颌(χ^(2)=63.01,P<0.05),Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ型主要分布于上颌(χ^(2)=15.74~24.03,P<0.05)。52.5%的第二乳磨牙存在近中面-舌面非边缘嵴釉质凹陷,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型主要分布于上颌(χ^(2)=10.23、41.25,P<0.05)。不同牙位釉质凹陷数量差异有统计学意义(H=58.90,P<0.05)。临床检查结果显示,上颌第二乳磨牙早期龋的牙数显著高于下颌(P<0.001)。影像学检查结果显示,上颌第二乳磨牙早期龋牙数显著高于下颌(χ^(2)=75.23,P<0.05);4个牙位的早期龋、中期龋、重度龋的患龋牙数均存在统计学差异(χ^(2)=7.88~28.24,P<0.05)。结论第二乳磨牙近中边缘嵴釉质凹陷的类型、数目和分布,近中面-舌面非边缘嵴釉质凹陷的类型和分布,以及近中面的龋损情况均存在一定的特点。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of enamel depressionon the mesial marginal ridge and non-marginal ridge of the mesial-tongue surfaces,as well as dental caries on the mesial surfaceof the second deciduous molars(SDMs),and to providea reference for the prevention and treatment of caries on the adjacent surfaces of the SDMs.Methods A total of 157 children with enamel depression on the mesial marginal ridge of at least one SDM were enrolled in the study.The children were analyzedfor the types and distribution of enamel depression on the mesial marginal ridge and non-marginal ridge of the mesial-tongue surfaces,as well as dental caries on the mesial surface of the SDMs.Results A total of 628 SDMs were collected.Sixty-nine point four percent of the SDMs had enamel depression on the mesial marginal ridge,with typeⅢmainly distributed in the lower jaw(χ^(2)=63.01,P<0.05)and typesⅣ,Ⅵ,andⅦmainly distributed in the upper jaw(χ^(2)=15.74-24.03,P<0.05).Fifty-two point five percent of the SDMs had enamel depression onthe non-marginal ridge of the mesial-tongue surfaces,with typesⅠandⅢmainly distributed in the upper jaw(χ^(2)=10.23,41.25,P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the number of enamel depressionsat different tooth positions(H=58.90,P<0.05).Clinical examination results showed thatthe number of SDMs with early caries in the upper jaw was significantly higher than that in the lower jaw(P<0.001).The imaging examination results showed that the number of SDMs with early caries in the upper jaw was significantly higher than that in the lower jaw(χ^(2)=75.23,P<0.05);there weresignificant differences in the number of teeth with early caries,mid-term caries,and severe caries between the four tooth positions(χ^(2)=7.88-28.24,P<0.05).Conclusion There are certain characteristics in the type,number,and distribution of enamel depressionon the mesial marginal ridge of the SDMs,the type and distribution of enamel depressionon the non-marginal ridge of the mesial-tongue surfaces,and the caries on the mesial surface.