跨境语言关系研究的基本构想与框架设计——以中越跨境壮侗语族语言为例

Basic Concepts and Framework Design for the Research on Cross-border Linguistic Relationships:A Case Study of Sino-Vietnamese Cross-border Zhuang-Dong Languages

文章基于中越跨境壮侗语族语言,从研究视角、语种选择、田调选点、思路框架调整对跨境语言关系研究的基本思路及框架进行构建。跨境语言研究实质上是对跨境语言关系的考察,相比语言本体的跨境语言关系,语言功能、语言规划、语言对社会的影响等领域的跨境语言关系,因其现实及未来的重要意义而具有更大的研究价值和研究空间。文章在8对中越跨境壮侗语族语言中筛选出3对跨境语言壮语-岱侬语(包括岱依语和侬语)、布依语-布依语(热依语)、傣语-泰语作为考察语种,主要从社会视角,基于中越两国对应共7个田野点系统深入的田调材料,使用斯波斯基、李宇明的语言规划和语言管理理论、SIL及卡萨德的语言通解度测试理论及方法、黄行和周庆生等的语言认同理论及方法,分别对中越跨境壮侗语族语言的语言管理、语言通解度和语言认同进行考察描写分析,发现揭示其异同及其背后社会各方面的制约因素。意在为课题研究的实施推进奠定良好的理论和框架基础,同时也为相关研究提供一个值得借鉴的参考,从而为拓展深化跨境语言研究,为推进中国特色语言学的三大体系建设贡献力量。

This study constructs a foundational approach and framework for the research on cross-border linguistic relationships,grounded in the basic concepts of the Sino-Vietnamese cross-border Zhuang-Dong language group,including the rationale for the topic selection,literature review,site selection for investigation,and the construction of the research design.The essence of cross-border language research lies in the examination of cross-border linguistic relationships.Compared with the inherent cross-border linguistic relationships,the relationships in such areas as the linguistic functions,planning,and the social impact of language possess greater research value and potential due to their contemporary and future significance.From approximately eight pairs of Sino-Vietnamese cross-border Zhuang-Dong languages,the study identifies three pairs for examination:Zhuang-Dainong(inclusive of the Daiyi and Nong languages),Buyi-Buyi(the Reyi language),and the Dai language and the Thai language.Adopting a sociological perspective and drawing from comprehensive fieldwork data from seven corresponding sites across China and Vietnam,the research employs the theories of language planning and management by Spolsky and Li Yuming,mutual-intelligibility testing theories and methods by SIL and Casad,and language identity theories and methods by Huang Xing and Zhou Qingsheng.It delves into the language management,mutual intelligibility,and language identity of the Sino-Vietnamese cross-border Zhuang-Dong languages,uncovering their similarities,differences and social factors underpinning them.The aim is to establish a robust theoretical and structural foundation for the research project,offering a valuable reference for related studies,thereby enriching cross-border language research and contributing to the advancement of the three major systems of linguistics with distinct Chinese characteristics.