电磁导航支气管镜在肺结节诊疗中的应用进展

Progress of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules

随着体检中低剂量计算机断层扫描(low-dose computed tomography,LDCT)普及以及因新冠爆发后人群对肺部疾病的广泛关注,肺结节在人群中的检出率逐年增高。早期肺癌以及多原发肺癌的临床病例越来越多,针对肺结节检出的多样化的情况而制定的个性化治疗在肺结节诊疗过程中地位凸显,而胸部CT以及传统支气管镜不仅对肺结节术前定位、肺结节的良恶性判断的准确率不够,且在无法耐受外科手术的患者的诊疗应用中也存在较大局限性。电磁导航支气管镜(electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy,ENB)的问世解决了这部分问题,进一步完善了肺结节的诊疗过程。ENB是一种依托电磁定位技术经支气管镜进行肺结节定位、活检以及微创治疗的新技术。本文主要是对ENB在肺结节诊疗过程中的应用及最新进展进行综述。

With the popularity of low⁃dose computed tomography(LDCT)in physical examination and the widespread concern of people about lung diseases after COVID⁃19 outbreak,the detection rate of pulmonary nodules in the population has increased year by year.The clinical cases of early lung cancer and multiple primary lung cancer are increasing,and the necessity of personalized treatment tailored to the diverse detection of pulmonary nodules is highlighted in the diagnosis and treatment process of pulmonary nodules.However,chest CT and traditional bron⁃choscopy not only have insufficient accuracy in preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules and the diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules,but also have significant limitations in the diagnosis and treatment of patients who cannot undergo surgery.The emergence of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy(ENB)has greatly solved this problem and further improves the diagnosis and treatment process of pulmonary nodules.ENB is a new technology that relies on electromagnetic positioning technology to locate,biopsy,and minimally invasive treatment of pulmonary nodules through bronchoscopy.In this review,we mainly summarize the application and latest progress of ENB in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules.