众创空间摘牌:制度效力与抑制效应

Crowd Innovation Space Delisting: Institutional Effectiveness and Inhibition Effect

众创空间摘牌制度是践行精英式孵育理念,推动创业经济高质量转型的重要举措,但也面临众创空间逆向选择与创孵效果不理想的制度困境。通过实证分析众创空间摘牌制度的经济与创新价值,揭示众创空间投机行为对摘牌制度的影响机理,选取2016—2021年江苏省众创空间公开数据与调研数据,采用DID方法检验摘牌制度与孵育绩效间的关系,并以众创空间迎合倾向为解释变量考察其对孵育绩效和摘牌制度的影响。结果表明,摘牌制度具有一定激励作用,众创空间迎合倾向对摘牌制度具有显著抑制效应。研究结论既是对精英式孵育理念的肯定,也可为制度改革效力预判提供参考依据。

As the bridgehead of entrepreneurial economy,the incubation performance of crowd innovation spaces is related to the future economic vitality of the country,and an important endogenous driving force for China's high-quality economic development.Thanks to the increasing national direct investment and policy support,crowd innovation spaces,as the main beneficiary of the"double-venture"strategy,has gradually developed a high degree of policy dependency.Academics have revealed the value creation mechanism of crowd innovation spaces from the perspectives of joint innovation,resource integration and entrepreneurial networks.It is noteworthy that the identity of policy carriers has received the attention and affirmation of many scholars.But unfortunately,the hypothetical premise of passive beneficiaries of policies does not adequately portray the dynamism in the rational decision-making process of crowd innovation spaces,and the lack of subjective motivation judgments is an important cause of contextual distortion in the analysis of exogenous influencing elements,including institutions.The promulgation and implementation of a series of delisting system from local to national level signify the trend of reforming China's business incubation policy towards elitism.It should be emphasized that the concept of elitist incubation does not only refer to nurturing outstanding start-ups,and its screening mechanism to help strengthen and support the best is also a test for the quality development of start-up incubators.However,the existing studies do not clearly state whether there is a definite link among the fluctuation of industry performance,the enactment of the new regime and the subsequent trend of crowdsourcing spaces.This is the key to determining the effectiveness of the delisting system for crowd innovation spaces at the market level.In order to answer the question if the delisting system of crowd innovation spaces achieve the desired effect,from the economic perspective of incubation performance and the speculations perspective of catering tendency,this study examines the effectiveness of the delisting system of crowd innovation spaces and its inhibitory effects with the double difference method(DID)based on the research data of the crowd innovation space industry in Jiangsu Province from 2016-2021.The empirical results show that the delisting system has a significant but weaker boosting effect on incubation performance and incentive effect on technological innovation activities in crowd innovation spaces.The dynamic study further confirms that this positive institutional effectiveness has a significant long term effect,but the incentive effect is showing a tightening trend.It is clear that the delisting of crowd innovation spaces is a sustainable institutional innovation,but its institutional effectiveness has not been fully exploited.Secondly,crowd innovation spaces have a catering tendency for speculation and crowding-out effect on incubation performance.The empirical evidence suggests that the catering tendency to the needs of the entrepreneurial community inhibits the performance of incubation by"crowding out"entrepreneurial services.This explains again the weak performance of the listing system for crowd innovation spaces in terms of its contribution to incubation performance.The study has also found that the level of accreditation,nature of ownership,location,time of establishment and number of staff served all have different degrees of impact on incubation performance.