中国七省(区)牛蜱的种类鉴定及其携带无形体的分子检测

Identification of tick species in cattle and detection of Anaplasma spp.in these ticks in 7 provinces and regions of China

为了确定牛体表寄生硬蜱的种类及其携带无形体的状况,从河南、湖南、海南、四川、贵州、广东和广西采集牛体表寄生硬蜱572只,通过形态学和分子生物学方法对硬蜱进行种类鉴定;同时用PCR方法检测硬蜱体中无形体感染情况。经形态学和分子生物学鉴定,结果 572只牛硬蜱均为微小扇头蜱,且存在A、B、C等3个分支。基于无形体的16S rRNA基因序列分析的结果表明,微小扇头蜱携带无形体,其阳性率为38.8%(222/572),其中边缘无形体、山羊无形体、扁平无形体和嗜吞噬细胞无形体分别为23.6%(135/572)、7.3%(15/572)、5.3%(42/572)、2.6%(30/572),仅在湖南的牛蜱中发现存在无形体混合感染情况。微小扇头蜱C分支的发现尚属首次,且以边缘无形体感染率最高。

To identify the species of ticks in cattle and to investigate the Anaplasma spp.in ticks,572 ticks were collected from 7 provinces and regions(Henan,Hunan,Hainan,Sichuan,Guizhou,Guangdong and Guangxi)of China.Morphological and molecular biological methods were used to identify the species of these ticks,and PCR was conducted to analyze Anaplasma infection in these ticks.Sequence analysis showed that 572 ticks were identified as Rhipicephalus microplus(R.microplus),and three clades(A,B and C)of R.microplus were found.the sequence of 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasmas amplified from ticks showed R.microplus carried the Anaplasmas.The prevalence of Anaplasmas in ticks was 38.8%(222/572),and the prevalence of Anaplasmas marginale,Anaplasmas capra,Anaplasmas platys and Anaplasmas phagocytophilum were 23.6%(135/572),7.3%(15/572),5.3%(42/572),2.6%(30/572),respectively.Co-infection of Anaplasma species was only found in ticks from Hunan Province.This is the first report of R.microplus clade C in China,and Anaplasma margina is the common Anaplasma species.