中国式现代化背景下县域城镇化的困境、实现逻辑与路径选择

Predicament, Realization Logic and Path Choice of County Urbanization under the Background of Chinese Modernization

城镇化是现代化的必由之路。深入剖析县域城镇化与中国式现代化的内在逻辑,探究中国式现代化背景下县域城镇化的困境、实现逻辑和路径选择是探索城镇化道路、推进中国式现代化建设的工作重点。研究显示:第一,县域城镇化在中国式现代化历程中演进,其演进过程与我国经济发展战略密切相关。第二,新时期推进县域城镇化发展需要认清理论误区、破除现实困境。认清理论误区在于既要更新县域城镇化概念,辨析城市化、农村城市化、城镇化和县域城镇化的区别与联系,也要坚持县域工业化发展,避免县域工业化与发展特色经济混淆。破除现实困境在于,一是破除县域城镇化区域发展不平衡困境,收敛区域差异;二是破除中西部县域产业承接能力不强,产业结构趋同困境;三是破除县域人口结构失衡、教育养老资源供需失衡困境。第三,中国式现代化特征决定了县域城镇化的实现逻辑,体现在人口规模巨大化意味着县域城镇化面临人口优势和结构失衡,全体人民共同富裕要求县域城镇化以人为核心,物质文明和精神文明相协调要求县域城镇化重视物质和精神建设,人与自然和谐共生要求县域城镇化坚持绿色发展。第四,县域城镇化的实现路径包括制度保障、新型工业化发展、人口和服务供需均衡、文化传承和绿色发展五个方面。

Urbanization is the only way to modernization.In-depth analysis of the internal logic of county urbanization and Chinese-style modernization,exploration of the dilemma,realization logic and path selection of county urbanization under the background of Chinese-style modernization are the key points of exploring urbanization road and promoting Chinese-style modernization.The research shows that:firstly,county urbanization has evolved in the process of Chinese modernization,and its evolution process is closely related to China’s economic development strategy.Secondly,to promote the development of county urbanization in the new era,we need to recognize the theoretical misunderstanding and get rid of the realistic dilemma.To understand the theoretical misunderstanding lies in updating the concept of county urbanization,distinguishing the differences and connections between urbanization,rural urbanization,urbanization and county urbanization,and persisting in the development of county industrialization to avoid confusion between county industrialization and the development of characteristic economy;To get rid of the realistic dilemma,firstly,it is necessary to get rid of the unbalanced development of urbanization areas in counties and to converge the regional differences;secondly,it is necessary to get rid of the difficulties of weak industrial undertaking capacity and industrial structure convergence in counties in the central and western regions;thirdly,it is necessary to get rid of the imbalance of population structure and the imbalance of supply and demand of education and old-age resources in counties.Thirdly,the characteristics of Chinese modernization determine the realization logic of county urbanization,which is reflected in the fact that the huge population size means that county urbanization faces population advantage and structural imbalance,the common prosperity of all people requires county urbanization to be people-centered,the coordination of material civilization and spiritual civilization requires county urbanization to attach importance to material and spiritual construction,and the harmonious coexistence of man and nature requires county urbanization to adhere to green development.Fourthly,the realization path of county urbanization includes five aspects:system guarantee,new industrialization development,population and service supply and demand balance,cultural inheritance and green development.