“大一统”视域下明代西藏的中华民族共同体意识

On Xizang's Sense of Community for the Chinese National in the Ming Dynasty from the Perspective of"Great Unity"

在漫长的历史发展进程中,生活在中国这片土地上的中华各民族,在共同缔造统一多民族国家和形成中华民族共同体的过程中,虽然经历了战和更替、聚散分合、对峙融汇,但对国家“大一统”的不懈追求却成为中华各民族高于一切的政治理想和道德情感,并形成了对历代中央政权、正统、治统的高度政治认同,这些认同均构成中华民族共同体意识的具体内容,不仅成为中华各民族联系、融合与携手前行的桥梁和纽带,也成为中华民族和中国统一多民族国家不断得以巩固和发展的核心凝聚力量。自古就生活在青藏高原上的勤劳勇敢的藏民族,在与周边地区和民族进行广泛而持久的交往交流交融的过程中,形成了稳定的中华民族共同体意识。有明一代,藏民族作为中华民族共同体中的重要成员,不仅为维护明朝的“大一统”政权和正统、治统作出了突出贡献,也为推动中华民族共同体和中国统一多民族国家的发展和巩固作出了突出贡献。

In the long process of historical development,the ethnic groups living in China have jointly explored China's vast territory,written China's long history,created China's splendid culture,and developed China's great national spirit.They have gone through wars,changes,gatherings,breaking-ups,confronting and integrating,but the unremitting pursuit of the country's"great unity"has become an political ideal and moral sentiment of all the ethnic groups of China,and a top priority,which has made for a high degree of political identification with the central authority of all successive dynasties.The identifications constitute the specific content of the sense of community for the Chinese nation,which has not only become the bridge and link for all the ethnic groups of China to connect,integrate and move forward hand in hand,but also the core cohesive force that has enabled the Chinese nation,the unified multi-ethnic state,to continuously consolidate and develop.Since ancient times,the hard-working and courageous Tibetan people living on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau have formed a stable sense of community for the Chinese nation in the course of extensive and lasting contacts and exchanges with neigh⁃bouring regions and ethnic groups.During the Ming Dynasty,the Tibetan people,as an important member of the community for the Chinese nation,not only made outstanding contributions to the maintenance of the"great uni⁃ty"and governance of the Ming government,but also to the development and consolidation of the Chinese nation,the united multi-ethnic state.