低温处理对桃种子贮藏物质及抗氧化酶活性的影响

Effect of low temperature treatment on storage substances and antioxidant enzyme activity of peach seeds

桃种子打破休眠需要一定的需冷量,生产上常采用层积处理的方式打破桃种子的休眠.为了探究层积过程中物质含量的变化,以“锦香”和“秋彤”种子为试验材料,将破核后的桃种用湿毛巾包裹放入4℃条件下的冰箱,分别在15 d、30d、45 d、60d取样,对其进行生理指标的测定.结果表明,“锦香”和“秋彤”种子的蛋白质含量在45 d时达到高峰,60d时发生降低;可溶性糖含量随着低温处理时间的延长均呈现下降的趋势,表明可溶性糖含量与低温处理时间呈现显著的负相关;SOD酶活对照组均为最高,分别在30 d、45 d有上升的趋势;POD酶活与对照相比整体呈上升的趋势;MDA含量在45d时均为最低.SOD、POD、MDA共同保护了细胞结构的完整性.通过对不同品种桃种子贮藏物质及抗氧化酶活性进行测定,分析贮藏物质和酶活性动态变化与桃种子休眠解除的关系.研究结果为明确桃种子萌发障碍以及休眠现象的产生提供重要的理论依据.

Peach seeds need a certain amount of cold to break dormancy.In production,stratification treatment is usually used to break the dormancy of peach seeds.In order to investigate the changes of substance content in stratification process,seeds of“Jinxiang”and“Qiutong”were used as experimental materials.The peach seeds after breaking were wrapped with wet towels and placed in 4℃refrigerator.Samples collected at 15 d,30 d,45 d,and 60 d,were used to measure their physiological indicators.The results indicated that protein content of“Jinxiang”and“Qiutong”seeds peaked at 45 d and then decreased at 60 d.The soluble sugar content presented a decreasing trend with the extension of low temperature treatment time,indicating there is a significant negative correlation between soluble sugar content and low temperature treatment time.SOD enzyme activity was the highest in the control and increased at 30 d and 45 d,respectively;POD enzyme activity showed an increase compared to the control;MDA content was the lowest at 45 d.SOD,POD and MDA protected the integrity of the cell structure together.By measuring the storage substances and antioxidant enzyme activity of different varieties of peach seeds,the relationship between the dynamic changes of storage substances and enzyme activity and the release of peach seed dormancy had been analyzed.The results of the study will provide an important theoretical basis for identifying the barriers to germination and dormancy generation in peach seeds.