一维混合传感器阵列信号波达方向估计

DOA Estimation of One-dimensional Hybrid Sensors Array Signals

由于矢量传感器可提供更多的有效信息,如:声信息和电磁信息,因此矢量传感器阵列在波达方向估计中的表现比标量传感器阵列更优。但是由于单个矢量传感器自身构造的复杂性,矢量传感器阵列的成本高于标量传感器阵列。为了降低矢量传感器阵列成本,本文首先提出一种由声矢量传感器和标量传感器构成的一维混合传感器阵列结构。然后利用张量代数对该阵列接收信号的二阶统计量进行处理,得到一个三阶张量模型,该模型对应于一个全部由声矢量传感器构成的虚拟均匀线阵,让所提出的混合传感器阵列在更低的成本下可以实现超出相同数量声矢量传感器阵列的估计性能。分析表明,当新阵列使用M2个声矢量传感器和2M2个标量传感器时,可以构造出一个虚拟的含有约2M22-M2个声矢量传感器的均匀线阵。最后针对虚拟阵列的张量模型,利用张量分解实现入射信号的波达方向估计。在相同的阵列成本下,新阵列以及张量代数处理方法具有更好的DOA估计精度和更优的角度分辨率。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。

The vector sensors can provide more available information,e.g.,acoustic information and polarization information,so the vector sensor arrays outperform the scalar sensor arrays in direction of arrival(DOA)estimation.However,the cost of vector sensor arrays is higher than that of scalar sensor arrays due to the complexity of constructing single vector sensors by itself.To reduce the cost of the vector sensor array,a hybrid sensor array consisting of acoustic vector sensors and scalar sensors is proposed firstly.And then by using the tensor algebra,a third-order data tensor can be obtained from the second-order statistics of the received signal from the proposed array.This tensor model corresponds to a virtual uniform linear array of acoustic vector sensors,allowing the proposed hybrid sensor array to have estimation performance beyond the same number of acoustic vector sensor arrays at a lower cost.Analyses show that a virtual uniform linear array with approximately 2M22-M2 acoustic vector sensors can be obtained from the proposed array with M2 acoustic vector sensors and 2M2 scalar sensors.Finally,based on this tensor model,the tensor decomposition can be used to achieve DOA estimation.Under the same array cost,the proposed method outperforms related methods in estimating DOA.Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.