饮食诱导非酒精性脂肪性肝病动物模型的研究进展

Advances in animal models of diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

建立科学有效的动物模型是完成疾病研究的关键步骤。饮食诱导是常见的建立非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)疾病动物模型的方法。常见饮食诱导NAFLD的动物模型主要包括高脂高糖饮食诱导模型、高脂高胆固醇饮食诱导模型和胆碱缺乏饮食诱导模型,由于不同造模方式摄入的营养成分不同,使得肝出现脂肪性变形、炎症及纤维化等病理特征不同。此外,不同动物模型的疾病进程、疾病严重程度以及适用的研究亦各有不同。本文通过分析比较常见的不同饮食诱导NAFLD动物模型在造模方式、造模时间、病理学特征、适用研究及相关优缺点,为NAFLD研究者选择动物模型提供参考。

The establishment of effective animal models is crucial for disease research.Dietary induction is a common method to establish animal models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The common animal models of diet-induced NAFLD mainly include high fat and sugar,high fat and cholesterol,and choline-deficient diet-induced models.Because of the various nutrients ingested in different modeling method,pathological characteristics of the liver,such as fatty deformation,inflammation,and fibrosis,are different.Additionally,animal models vary in terms of disease progression,disease severity,and applicable studies.This study analyzed and compared the common animal models of NAFLD induced by various diets in terms of modeling method,modeling time,pathological characteristics,applicable research,and related advantages and disadvantages to provide a reference for NAFLD researchers to select animal models.