上海两区初中学生2008版眼保健操行为现状调查分析

Survey and Analysis of the Current Status of Eye Exercises among Middle School Stu⁃dents in Two Districts of Shanghai Using the 2008 Version

目的 调研上海市2个区4所学校初中学生2008版眼保健操的行为现状,为进一步落实《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》提供建议。方法 在上海市黄浦区及虹口区4所中学的6~8年级中,向中学生发放网络问卷调查,对学生近视情况、眼保健操培训和操作情况以及操作后主观感觉等指标进行统计分析。结果 本次调查共发放网络问卷调查762份,回收有效问卷758份。(1)调查学生近视情况:受访者的近视率在36.49%~45.45%;(2)眼保健操培训情况:58.33%的受访者每学期都接受了眼保健操的操作培训;(3)眼保健操操作情况:36.94%的受访者每天做眼保健操3次及以上,而有15.04%从不做;做眼保健操前无洗手习惯比例,6年级为98.55%,7年级降至22.97%,8年级只有15.77%;(4)主观感觉:94.97%的受访者认为眼保健操对视力有帮助;63.98%的受访者认为今后有必要保留眼保健操。结论 眼保健操对改善学生视疲劳和防止近视进展有一定的作用,加强眼保健操的规范培训有助于学生提高操作效果,督促学生养成良好的手卫生习惯仍是操作重点。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current behavior of middle school students in four schools in two districts of Shanghai regarding the 2008 version of eye exercises and provide recommendations for further implementation of the "Comprehensive Prevention and Control Program for Myopia in Children and Adolescents. " METHODS A web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among students in grades six to eight in four middle schools in Huangpu and Hongkou districts of Shanghai. Statistical analysis was performed on indicators related to students´ myopia status, training and performance of eye exercises, and subjective feelings after performing eye exercises. RESULTS A total of 762 web-based questionnaires were distributed, with 758 valid responses obtained. (1) Myopia status of surveyed students: The myopia rate among respondents ranged from 36.49% to 45.45%. (2) Training in eye exercises: 58.33% of respondents received training in eye exercise operations every semester. (3) Performance of eye exercises: 36.94% of respondents performed eye exercises three times or more each day, while 15.04% never did. The proportion of students who did not wash their hands before doing eye exercises decreased from 98.55% in grade 6 to 22.97% in grade seven and only 15.77% in grade eight. (4) Subjective feelings: 94.97% of respondents believed that eye exercises were helpful for their eyesight, and 63.98% of respondents thought it was necessary to continue practicing eye exercises in the future. CONCLUSIONS Eye exercises play a certain role in improving students´ visual fatigue and preventing the progression of myopia. Strengthening standardized training in eye exercises can help students improve their performance, and encouraging students to develop good hand hygiene habits remains a key focus of implementation.