地铁乘客无障碍电梯选择行为影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors on the behavior of subway passengers choosing accessible elevators

为更好地满足出行障碍乘客的需求,探究影响乘客无障碍电梯选择行为的具体因素。本文首先从人因因素、环境因素、心理潜变量3个维度,构建乘客无障碍电梯选择行为指标体系,并提出相关因素的影响路径假设;之后基于实地调研数据并结合指标体系与假设路径构建结构方程模型;最后对模型及影响路径进行验证,并得出各因素对乘客无障碍电梯选择行为的影响路径及强度。结果表明:心理潜变量、环境因素都对乘客无障碍电梯的选择行为造成正面影响,人因因素会造成负面影响;乘客是否负重及负重程度、乘客对车站是否熟悉、无障碍电梯可视性指数3条路径,对乘客无障碍电梯选择行为的影响最大,并提出合理化建议措施。研究结论对加强地铁车站无障碍电梯的服务水平、提高乘客出行体验有着重要的实践意义。

In order to better meet the needs of passengers with travel disabilities,we explore the specific factors affecting passengers′behavior in choosing accessible elevators.This paper firstly constructs the indicator system of passenger accessibility elevator choice behavior from three dimensions of human factors,environmental factors,and psychological latent variables,and puts forward the hypothesis of the influence path of related factors;then constructs the structural equation model based on the field research data and combining the indicator system with the hypothetical path;finally,validates the model and the influence path,and derives the influence path and intensity of each factor on passenger accessibility elevator choice behavior.Finally,the model and the influence paths are validated and the influence paths and intensity of each factor on passengers′choice of accessible elevator behavior are derived.The results show that:psychological latent variables,environmental factors have a positive impact on passengers′choice of accessible elevator,and human factors will have a negative impact;whether passengers are loaded and the degree of load,whether passengers are familiar with the station,and the accessibility index of the elevator have the greatest impact on passengers′choice of accessible elevator,and put forward the rationalization of the proposed measures.The conclusions of the study have important practical significance for strengthening the service level of accessible elevators in subway stations and improving passengers′travel experience.