防火围油栏和撇油器在海上井喷溢油处置中的适用性分析及展望

Applicability Analysis and Development Prospect of Fire Barrier and Skimmer in Offshore Oil Blowout Disposal

随着我国海上石油勘探开发强度的不断加大,海上井喷溢油事故风险持续增高。针对井喷溢油事故这一最为严重的海洋环境污染事故,有必要结合井喷溢油事故现场可能出现的工况环境和相应的处置策略,对用于处置井喷事故的防火围油栏、撇油器的适用性进行分析。同时通过对比行业内溢油应急设备制造及现今装备制造自动化、智能化的发展动态,明确我国溢油应急设备现状的不足和今后溢油应急设备的发展方向,以达到在井喷溢油这一极端工况下,有效控制和回收溢油、最大限度降低环境污染风险的目的。

With the increasing intensity of offshore oil exploration and development in China,the risk of offshore oil blowout accident continues to increase.In view of the blowout accident,which is the most serious marine environmental pollution accident,it is necessary to analyze the applicability of fire containment boom and skimmer used to deal with blowout accident is analyzed according to the possible working environment and corresponding disposal strategies.At the same time,by comparing the frontier of oil spill emergency equipment manufacturing in the industry and the development trend of automation and intelligence of equipment manufacturing,the deficiencies of the current oil spll emergency equipment in our country and the development direction of the future oil spillemergency equipment are clarified,so as to effectively control and recover the oil spll under the extreme working condition of oil blowout spill and minimize the risk of environmental pollution.