丘陵地区不同类型农户耕地非粮化特点及影响因素——基于山东省五莲县的调查

Characteristics of Non grain Production and influencing Factors of Cultivated Land of Different Types of Farmers Households in Hilly Areas——Based on a Survey in Wulian County in Shandong Province

耕地非粮化对区域粮食安全具有深远影响,辨析丘陵地区耕地非粮化特征及影响因素对耕地保护与粮食安全维护具有重要意义。以五莲县为例,选取户部乡、潮河镇、叩官镇等乡(镇)的8个行政村展开实地调查与参与式农村评估研究,共获取调查问卷237份,运用地理探测器与Logistics模型分析不同类型农户耕地非粮化特征及其影响因素。结果显示:丘陵地区兼业农户与非农户比例较高,五莲县兼业农户与非农户占比分别为59.92%和28.69%。丘陵地区耕地非粮化现象严重,五莲县户均耕地非粮化面积为0.70 hm^(2),非粮化耕地以种植苹果、板栗、苗圃为主。纯农户、兼业农户、非农户户均耕地非粮化面积分别为0.78 hm^(2)、0.91 hm^(2)、0.21 hm^(2)。丘陵地区农户耕地非粮化受农户家庭特征、区位条件、耕地利用特征、政策认知的共同影响,不同类型农户耕地非粮化行为影响因素存在差异。

The non grain of cultivated land has a profound impact on regional food security.Analyzing the characteristics and influencing factors of non grain of cultivated land in hilly areas is of great significance for the protection of cultivated land and the maintenance of food security.Taking Wulian county as an example,8 administrative villages in Hubu town,Chaohe town and Kouguan town have been selected to conduct field surveys and participatory rural assessment studies.237 questionnaires have been obtained.The characteristics of non grain farming of different types of farmers and their influencing factors have been analyzed by using geographical detectors and Logistic models.It is showed that the proportion of part time farmers and non farmers in hilly areas is high,and the proportion of part time farmers and non farmers in Wulian county is 59.92%and 28.69%respectively.The cultivated land in hilly areas is seriously non grain.The per capita cultivated land in Wulian county is 0.70hm^(2),and the non grain cultivated land is mainly planted with apples,chestnuts and nurseries.The average area of non grain cultivated land for pure farmers,part time farmers,and non farmers is 0.78hm^(2),0.91hm^(2) and0.21hm^(2) respectively.The non grain of farmland among farmers in hilly areas is jointly influenced by family characteristics,location conditions,farmland utilization characteristics and policy awareness.There are differences in the influencing factors of non grain behavior among different types of farmers.