家庭密集行为干预对孤独症谱系障碍幼儿动作模仿及仿说能力的影响

Effects of intensive family behavioral intervention on motor imitation and echoic skills in young children with autism spectrum disorders

目的:探讨家庭密集行为干预对孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)幼儿动作模仿及仿说能力的影响。方法:选取2020年9月—2022年9月在汕头大学医学院第二附属医院儿科就诊的58例2~3岁的ASD患儿作为研究对象。按干预方法不同分为3组,研究组1(24例)给予家庭密集行为干预6个月。研究组2(13例)给予家庭密集行为干预6个月,同时参加其他机构的语言及感统训练。对照组(21例)仅参加其他机构的语言及感统训练6个月。3组患儿在干预前及干预6个月后分别进行语言行为里程碑评估。分析家庭密集行为干预对ASD患儿动作模仿及仿说能力的影响,采用多元线性回归分析影响动作模仿及仿说能力提升的可能因素。结果:干预后,研究组1和研究组2的动作模仿、仿说得分及得分增长值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,前3个月每周家庭干预时间对动作模仿得分增长(β=2.889,t=2.935,P=0.005)及仿说得分增长(β=2.723,t=3.114,P=0.003)有正向影响。结论:家庭密集行为干预对ASD幼儿动作模仿及仿说能力的提升有效果,干预时间对动作模仿及仿说能力的提升有正向影响作用。

Objective:To investigate the effects of intensive family behavioral intervention on motor imitation and echoic skills in young children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods:Fifty-eight children with ASD aged 2 to 3 years old who attended the pediatric department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from September 2020 to September 2022 were selected as study subjects.They were divided into 3 groups according to the different intervention methods,and study group 1(24 cases)was given intensive family behavioral intervention for 6 months.Study group 2(13 cases)was given intensive family behavioral intervention for 6 months while attending speech and sensory training in other institutions.In the control group(21 cases),only language and sensory training in other institutions were provided for 6 months.3 groups of children were assessed by Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program before and 6 months after the intervention.To analyze the effects of intensive behavioral intervention at home on motor imitation and echoic skills of children with ASD,and to analyze the possible factors affecting the improvement of motor imitation and echoic skills using multiple linear regression.Results:After the intervention,the values of motor imitation and echoic skills scores and score growth were higher in Study Group 1 and Study Group 2 than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the weekly family intervention time in the first 3 months had a positive effect on the growth of motor imitation score(β=2.889,t=2.935,P=0.005)and echoic skills(β=2.723,t=3.114,P=0.003).Conclusion:Intensive family behavioral intervention is effective in improving motor imitation and echoic skills in young children with ASD,and the duration of intervention has a positive effect on the improvement of motor imitation and echoic skills.