吉布提语言生态的演变与思考

The Language Ecology of Djibouti:Evolution,Divers and Impact

吉布提不同时期语言生态的历史演变体现了吉布提国家认同的构建过程。殖民时代之前,民族语言和宗教语言组成了吉布提的语言生态。殖民时期,法语冲击了吉布提原生的语言生态。独立后,吉布提形成了官方语言、民族语言和外来语言共生的多元语言生态环境。吉布提是具有战略地位的非洲之角地区国家,对其语言生态开展研究有助于构建对吉布提的整体理解,进而加深对非洲之角地区的认识。本文按照时间脉络,梳理了殖民前、殖民时期和独立后三个时期吉布提的语言概况和语言生态的演变,分析吉布提官方语言确定的成因及其对吉布提民族认同的影响。

The historical evolution of Djibouti's linguistic ecosystem in different periods reflects the process of the construction by Djibouti of its national identity.In the pre-colonial period,ethnic languages and religious languages comprised Djibouti's linguistic ecosystem.During the colonial period,the colonial language,French,had a significant impact on Djibouti's native linguistic ecosystem.After gaining independence,Djibouti developed a diverse linguistic ecosystem characterized by coexistence of official languages,ethnic languages,and foreign languages.This article,following a chronological framework,examines the linguistic overview and evolution of the linguistic ecosystem in Djibouti during these three distinct pre-colonial,colonial,and post-independence periods.It also analyzes the factors contributing to the selection of Djibouti’s official languages and its impact on Djibouti's national identity.As a strategically located nation in the Horn of Africa region,researching Djibouti's linguistic ecosystem contributes to a comprehensive understanding of Djibouti and enhances our knowledge of the Horn of Africa region as a whole.