基于GEP核算的北京市山区森林经营实施效果评价

Evaluation on the Implementation Effect of Forest Management in Beijing Mountainous Areas Based on GEP Accounting

以北京市为研究区构建GEP核算体系,通过市场价值法、替代成本法等价值评估方法核算2000、2010年和2018年生态系统生产总值,分析探讨北京市生态系统服务价值的动态变化特征,明确森林经营技术优化对生态系统服务功能的提升效果,为优化森林生态系统经营技术提供重要科学依据。结果表明:(1)2018年,北京市GEP三大服务中,调解服务价值量最大,文化服务价值量次之,供给服务价值量最小。(2)2000、2010、2018年的GEP分别为2572.45、3961.02、5603.04亿元,GEP和GDP呈现双增长态势,对应的绿金指数(GEP/GDP)分别为0.80、0.27、0.18,呈逐年下降的趋势。(3)按可比价计算,2000-2018年GEP增幅40.53%,其中2000-2010、2010-2018年增幅分别为18.89%、18.20%,GEP增幅有所减缓,但森林经营提升生态效果总体呈现向好趋势;供给服务价值幅度为40.46%,调解服务价值增幅为10.63%,文化服务价值增幅525.91%。研究利用GEP核算结果反映山区森林经营技术优化效果,进一步推动北京市山区森林生态文明建设。

The objective of this study was to construct the accounting system of gross ecosystem production(GEP)by using Beijing as the study area.The market value method,alternative cost method,and other value assessment methods were adopted to calculate the GEP values of Beijing in 2000,2010 and 2018,from which the characteristics of dynamic changes of ecosystem service value were discussed.The effect of forest management technology optimization on the enhancement of ecosystem service functions was clarified,so as to provide an important scientific basis for optimizing forest ecosystem management technology.The results showed that(1)among the three GEP services in 2018,the value of regulation service was the largest,followed by culture and supply services.(2)The values of GEP of Beijing in 2000,2010 and 2018 were 2572.45,3961.02 and 5603.04 billion yuan,respectively.Both GEP and GDP showed growth trend,and the corresponding values of green gold index(GEP/GDP)were 0.80,0.27 and 0.18 respectively,showing a downward trend year by year.(3)According to the comparable price,the growth of GEP from 2000 to 2018 was 40.53%,including 18.89%from 2000 to 2010 and 18.20%from 2010 to 2018.The growth of GEP slowed down,but the ecological improvement effect of forest management displayed growing trend.The values of supply,regulation and culture services increased by 40.46%,10.63%,and 525.91%,respectively.The study utilized GEP accounting results to reflect the optimization effect of forest management technology in mountainous areas,so as to further promote the construction of forest ecological civilization in mountainous areas of Beijing.