精油和有机酸复合微囊对仔猪生长性能、消化率及血清指标的影响

Effects of microencapsulated essential oils and organic acids on the growth performance,digestibility,and serum indexes of piglets

[目的]探究饲粮中添加精油和有机酸复合微囊对仔猪生长的影响,为精油和有机酸添加剂的开发及应用提供理论依据。[方法]选取90头52日龄的健康仔猪,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复6头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组分别在基础饲粮的基础上添加0.5和1.0 g/kg的精油和有机酸复合微囊。试验期为28 d,试验期间记录仔猪生长性能数据,并在试验结束后测定养分消化率、血清抗氧化及免疫指标。[结果]与对照组相比:(1)试验Ⅱ组仔猪的平均日采食量和平均日增重分别显著提高6.39%、15.63%,料重比显著降低0.15,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的腹泻率分别显著降低1.75、2.25百分点;(2)试验Ⅱ组仔猪血清总抗氧化能力和总超氧化物歧化酶活性分别显著提高10.44%、18.65%,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性分别显著提高6.63%、10.05%;(3)试验Ⅱ组仔猪对粗脂肪和粗纤维的表观消化率分别显著提高3.10%、4.72%。[结论]在饲粮中添加1.0 g/kg的精油和有机酸复合微囊可提高仔猪的生长性能并降低其腹泻率,同时提高机体的抗氧化能力和养分消化率。

[Objectives]The effects of adding microencapsulated essential oils and organic acids to feeds on the growth of piglets were studied to provide theoretical basis for the development and application of additives with essential oils and organic acids.[Methods]90 healthy piglets aged 52 days were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 5 replicates in each group and 6 piglets in each replicate.The control group was fed with basic diet,while the experimental group I and experimental groupⅡwere supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg of microencapsulated essential oil and organic acid on the basis of the basic diet,respectively.The experimental period was 28 days.The growth performance data of piglets during the experiment were recorded,and the digestibility of nutrient,the indexes of serum antioxidant and immunity after the experiment were measured.[Results]Compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of piglets in the experimental groupⅡwere significantly increased by 6.39%and 15.63%,respectively,and the ratio of feed to weight gain was significantly reduced by 0.15.The diarrhea rate in the experimental group I and experimental groupⅡwas significantly reduced by 1.75 and 2.25 percentage points,respectively.The total antioxidant capacity and total superoxide dismutase activity in serum of piglets in experimental groupⅡwere significantly increased by 10.44%and 18.65%,respectively.The activity of glutathione peroxidase in the experimental group I and experimental groupⅡwas significantly increased by 6.63%and 10.05%,respectively.The apparent digestibility of crude fat and crude fiber in piglets from the experimental groupⅡsignificantly increased by 3.10%and 4.72%,respectively.[Conclusions]It is indicated that adding 1.0 g/kg microencapsulated essential oil and organic acid to the basic diet can improve the growth performance of piglets and reduce their diarrhea rate,while improving the body's antioxidant capacity and digestibility of nutrients.