“洞穴”“复归”“隐遁”——金庸小说的基本叙事语法分析

“Cave”,“Restoration”and“Retreat”:An Analysis of the Basic Narrative Grammar of Jin Yong’s Novels

“仙境说”是隐伏在武侠小说中的重要原型。侠客误入的山洞、古墓等场域是“仙境”空间的转化和异变,由“仙境”演化而来的异度时空独立于江湖世界。其中,凡人遇仙的情节模式变形为侠客误入异度空间的奇遇环节。“洞穴”是异度空间的祖型,其象征的死亡/再生仪式隐喻着侠客进入异度时空后的转变与再生。在时间上,侠客凭借异度时空中的时间流速差,获得了与江湖世界不符的武功内力,并在完成调节使命后复归异度空间。在空间上,异度空间只向主角开放,加速其“升级”进程。由此,道教的“仙境游历”原型为武侠小说带来了金手指事件、复归的叙事模式和隐遁逃离等主题。

“Wonderland”is an important archetype hidden in martial arts novels.The caves,ancient tombs and the other fields that the swordsmen strayed into are the transformation and mutation of the“wonderland”,and the alien space-time evolved from the“wonderland”is independent of the Jianghu.Among them,the plot mode of the mortals meeting the immortals is transformed into an adventurous point where a swordsman strays into a different dimension.The“cave”is the prototype of the alien space,and the death/rebirth ritual symbolized by it is a metaphor for the transformation and rebirth of the swordsmen after entering the alien space.In terms of time,the swordsmen relied on the velocity difference in the alien time and space to obtain the internal power of martial arts that was inconsistent with the Jianghu,and returned to the alien space after completing the adjustment mission.In terms of space,the special space is only open to the protagonist,which boosts his“upgrading”process.As a result,the Taoist archetype of“adventure in wonderland”brought to martial arts novels such themes as the gold-finger incident,the narrative mode of reversion,and the escape into seclusion.