樟树人工林土壤养分综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients in Camphora officinarum plantation

本研究对我国樟树主要人工林分布区土壤进行调查,共采集8个省(区)的24个地区104个样地土壤样品,测定土壤有机质及氮、磷、钾等养分含量,分析土壤养分变异规律及相关性,并采用主成分(PCA)分析法对樟树人工林土壤养分进行系统性综合评价。结果表明,樟树人工林土壤多为强酸性土壤,各地区土壤中有效磷与速效钾的差异最为显著,有效磷含量区间为0.21~256.60 mg·kg^(-1),速效钾含量为14.98~717.16 mg·kg^(-1),变异系数分别达2.17与1.03。根据土壤养分分布频率研究结果,49.04%的樟树人工林土壤养分全钾含量丰富,而35.58%~42.31%的樟树人工林土壤中的有效磷、全磷、碱解氮处于甚缺状态。综合土壤养分主成分分析与分级结果,樟树人工林土壤养分等级多处于中养分与低养分两级,其中湖北沙洋、福建福清、江西信丰、江西寻乌等地区土壤肥沃,均为高养分地区(F总>1),而广东河源、江西德兴、江西安福等地区樟树人工林土壤较为贫瘠(F总<-1)。

This study investigated the soil of the main distribution areas of Camphora officinarum plantations in China.A total of 104 soil samples were collected from 24 regions in 8 provinces(autonomous region),and measured the content of soil organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium.The variation and correlation of soil nutrients were analyzed,and the principal component analysis method(PCA)was used to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the soil nutrients of C.officinarum plantations.The results showed that the soil of C.officinarum plantations was mostly strongly acidic,with the most significant differences in available phosphorus and available potassium among different regions.The range of available phosphorus content was 0.21-256.60 mg·kg^(-1),and the available potassium content was 14.98-717.16 mg·kg^(-1),with coefficients of variation of 2.17 and 1.03,respectively.According to the research results on the distribution frequency of soil nutrients,49.04%of C.officinarum plantations had abundant total potassium content in soil nutrients,while 35.58%-42.31%of C.officinarum plantations had very limited available phosphorus,total phosphorus,and available nitrogen in soil.Based on the results of principal component analysis and classification of soil nutrients,the soil nutrient levels of C.officinarum plantations were mostly in the middle and low nutrient levels.Among them,areas such as Shayang in Hubei,Fuqing of Fujian,Xinfeng and Xunwu in Jiangxi are fertile and high nutrient areas(Ftotal>1),while areas such as Heyuan in Guangdong,Dexing and Anfu in Jiangxi were relatively barren(Ftotal<-1).