木质门甲醛释放量检测标准剖析及无损检测探讨

Analysis of relevant standards for formaldehyde release from wooden doors and discussion on non-destructive testing

通过对比我国木质门适用的相关产品标准和检测方法标准,分析我国木质门产品有害物质释放量检测适用标准存在的问题,主要有:部分标准未及时修订导致甲醛释放量检测与现行国家强制性标准矛盾;使用气候箱检测有害物质释放量时,破坏性检测的检测数据与木门实际状态符合性有待提高,现行标准中的非破坏性检测需采用大气候箱,设备成本及占用场地大。本文提出了可广泛普及的无损检测木质门产品甲醛释放量检测方法,即采用5 m^(3)气候箱,以1 m^(2)/m^(3)为标准承载率,实际承载率与标准承载率比值作为试验时的空气交换率,既提高了检测数据的真实性,又避免有损检测造成大量木质门产品浪费,节约木材资源;另外,相比现行的有损检测法,无损检测法试验运行成本可降低41.4%~56.6%。分析近年我国木质门产品地方抽检情况,建议将甲醛释放量无损检测方法和限量值分级纳入木质门产品标准。

By comparing the relevant product standards and testing method standards applicable to wooden doors in China,the problems of the applicable standards for harmful substance release testing of wooden door products in China is analyzed,the main ones are as follows:some standards have not been revised in a timely manner,resulting in contradictions between the detection of formaldehyde emission and the current national mandatory standards;When using a climate box to test the release of harmful substances,the consistency between the destructive detection data and the actual state of the wooden door needs to be improved,when using the large climate box method for non-destructive detection,the equipment cost and space occupation are large.And a universal and implementable non-destructive testing method for formaldehyde emission testing of wooden door products is proposed,using 5 m^(3) climate box,1 m^(2)/m^(3) as the standard bearing capacity,the ratio of the actual bearing capacity to the standard bearing capacity as the test air exchange rate,which not only improves authenticity of the testing data,but also avoids the waste of a large number of wooden door products caused by destructive testing and save wood resources.In addition,compared to the current destructive testing method,the operating cost of non-destructive testing can be reduced by approximately 41.4%to 56.6%.The local sampling situation of wooden door products in recent years is analyzed,it is recommended to include non-destructive testing methods for formaldehyde emission and grading of release limit values in the standard for wooden door products.