“儿童的视角”下幼儿园班级主题墙创设

Study of the Creation of Kindergarten Class Theme Wall Based on Children's Perspective

高质量幼儿园是高质量学前教育体系的基础支撑。从“儿童的视角”出发,高质量幼儿园应是对儿童友好的、拥有适宜环境的幼儿园。班级主题墙作为幼儿园环境的重要组成部分,不仅是儿童积极探索的重要平台,而且是高质量幼儿园建设的重要资源。文章采用马赛克研究方法,结合观察和访谈教师探究“儿童的视角”下幼儿园班级主题墙的特征。研究发现其特征主要有:主题符合儿童兴趣、贴近儿童生活,色彩明亮丰富、符合儿童个人喜好,材料常见、美观且有儿童元素,布置整齐、有趣且可互动,高度适宜儿童身高。以此特征为参照物扫描班级主题墙创设现状发现,主题墙的主题虽然贴近儿童生活,但是忽视儿童兴趣与需要;材料虽然常见且美观,但是儿童元素少;布置虽然整齐有序,但是互动不足;高度虽然比较适宜,但是缺少挑战。据此,从主题墙的主题选择、材料运用、布置装饰和高度设计四个方面提出相应建议,以改善幼儿园班级主题墙创设。

High-quality kindergartens are foundational to a high-quality preschool education system.From"children's perspective",High-quality kindergartens should be child-friendly kindergartens and provide an appropriate environment.As an important part of kindergarten environment,class theme wall is not only a vital platform for active child exploration but also an essential resource for the construction of high-quality kindergartens.This study adopts mosaic research approach,combining observation and interviews with teachers to explore the characteristics of the kindergarten class theme wall from"Children's perspective".The study shows that its main features are:the theme suits children's interest,is close to children's life;the color is bright and varied colors,aligns with children's personal preferences;the material is common,aesthetically pleasing and include childlike elements;the layout is neat,interesting and interactive;and the height scaled to children's height.According to these features,the themes are close to children's life,but it neglects children's interests and needs;the material is common and beautiful,but it lacks children's elements;the layout is orderly,but not interactive;the height is appropriate,but not challenging.Based on these findings,the author puts forward some corresponding suggestions from theme selection,material application,decoration and height design to enhance the creation of theme wall in kindergarten classroom.