竹纤维长径比及含量对环氧树脂基复合材料性能的影响

Effect of Length-diameter Ratios and Contents of Bamboo Fiber on Properties of Epoxy Resin Based Composites

研究竹纤维长径比及含量对环氧树脂(EP)基复合材料物理力学性能、动态热机械性能和热稳定性的影响,以期开发高性能竹塑复合材料。结果表明,随着竹纤维长径比增大,复合材料力学性能增强;当竹纤维质量分数为70%,竹纤维长径比为553.18,复合材料弯曲强度、弯曲模量、冲击强度分别为111.67 MPa、7 487.52 MPa、24.74 kJ/m^(2),比长径比为353.20时分别提高了53.39%、48.62%、28.86%。复合材料冲击断面SEM结果显示,长径比大的竹纤维与EP的界面结合程度提高。随着竹纤维含量增加,复合材料弯曲性能呈先上升后下降的趋势;冲击强度、储能模量、损耗模量和热稳定性基本逐渐增强,而耐水性能不断下降。当竹纤维质量分数为60%时,复合材料综合性能较佳,弯曲强度、弯曲模量和冲击强度分别为124.43 MPa、6 816.26 MPa、18.88 kJ/m^(2),24 h吸水率和厚度膨胀率分别为14.86%、16.44%,可用于汽车内饰材料。

The effects of bamboo fiber(BF)length-diameter ratios and contents on physical and mechanical properties,dynamic thermomechanical properties and thermal stability of epoxy resin(EP)basedcomposites were studied,in order to develop high performance bamboo-plastic composites.The results show that the mechanical properties of the composite are enhanced with the increase of bamboo fiber length-diameter ratios.When the BF content is 70%and the length-diameter ratio is 553.18,the bending strength,bending modulus and impact strength of the composite are 111.67 MPa,7 487.52 MPa and 24.74 kJ/m^(2),respectively,which are increased by 53.39%,48.62%and 28.86%comparing with the composite using the bamboo fiber length-diameter ratio of 353.20.The impact section SEM results indicate that the interface bonding between BF and EP are enhanced with the BF aspect ratio.With the increase of bamboo fiber contents,the composites bending properties increase first and then decrease.The impact strength,energy storage modulus,loss modulus and thermal stability are basically enhanced,while the water resistance gradually declines.When the content of bamboo fiber is 60%,the comprehensive properties of the composite are better,and the bending strength,bending modulus and impact strength are 124.43 MPa,6 816.26 MPa and 18.88 kJ/m^(2),respectively.And the 24 h water absorption rate and thickness swelling are 14.86%and 16.44%,respectively,which can be used for automotive interior materials.