广州地区血透护士情绪智力在社会支持与主观幸福感间的中介效应

The mediation effect of emotional intelligence between social support and subjective well-being in hemodialysis nurses in Guangzhou

目的探讨广州地区血透护士情绪智力在社会支持与主观幸福感间的中介效应,为血液透析中心科学管理护理人才提供实践指导。方法采用横断面研究方法,通过按比例分层抽样法,于2022年10月至2023年1月抽取在广州地区的800名血透护士为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、总体幸福感量表(general well-being schedule,GWB)、社会支持量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)和情绪智力量表(wong law emotional intelligence scale,WLEIS-C)进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析广州地区血透护士情绪智力、社会支持与主观幸福感之间相关性;采用Process宏程序探究广州地区血透护士情绪智力在社会支持与主观幸福感间的中介效应。结果回收有效问卷707份,有效回收率88.38%。广州地区血透护士主观幸福感总分为(75.67±8.17)分,情绪智力总分为(82.29±16.20)分,社会支持总分为(38.76±8.40)分。社会支持总分与主观幸福感总分(r=0.517,P<0.01)、情绪智力总分(r=0.633,P<0.01)均呈正相关,情绪智力总分与主观幸福感总分呈正相关(r=0.634,P<0.01)。社会支持对主观幸福感存在直接效应(β=0.165,95%CI:0.103~0.261),并通过情绪智力的部分中介效应间接影响主观幸福感(β=0.095,95%CI:0.069~0.142),中介效应占总效应的36.54%。结论广州地区血透护士主观幸福感现状处于高水平,情绪智力在血透护士社会支持与主观幸福感中起部分中介效应,管理者应关注血透护士情绪智力,采取多种措施提高其情绪智力水平,增强社会支持,从而提升血透护士主观幸福感。

Objective To explore the mediation effect of emotional intelligence in social support and subjective happiness,and to provide practical guidance for scientific management of nursing talents in hemodialysis center.Methods Using a cross-sectional study,by a proportional stratified sampling method,from October 2022 to January 2023,800 hemodialysis nurses in Guangzhou area were selected as the respondents,using the general data adjustment table,general well-being schedule(GWB),social support rating scale(SSRS),and wong law emotional intelligence scale(WLEIS-C).The pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between emotional intelligence,social support and subjective happiness of hemodialysis nurses in Guangzhou;the process macro program was used to explore the mediation effect of emotional intelligence in social support and subjective happiness in Guangzhou.Results 707 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate was 88.38%.The total score of subjective well-being of hemodialysis nurses in Guangzhou was(75.67±8.17),the total score of emotional intelligence(82.29±16.20),and the total score of social support(38.76±8.40).The total score of social support was positively associated with the total score of subjective well-being(r=0.517,P<0.01)and the total score of emotional intelligence(r=0.633,P<0.01),the total score of emotional intelligence was positively related to the total score of subjective well-being(r=0.634,P<0.01).Social support had a direct effect on subjective well-being(β=0.165,95%CI:0.103-0.261),and indirectly affected it through the partial mediation effect of emotional intelligence(β=0.095,95%CI:0.069-0.142),and the indirect mediation effect accounted for 36.54%of the total effect.Conclusion Guangzhou area hemodialysis nurses subjective well-being is in upper level,and emotional intelligence in hemodialysis nurses social support and subjective happiness plays intermediary effect,managers should focus on hemodialysis nurses emotional intelligence,take various measures to improve their emotional intelligence level,enhance social support,so as to improve hemodialysis nurses subjective well-being.