从品种特性到功能基因组:双峰驼基因组学研究进展

From Breed Characteristics to Functional Genome:A Review of Bactrian Camel Genomics

双峰驼是亚洲中部戈壁沙漠地区重要的畜种之一,具有耐寒、耐热、耐饥饿、免疫系统较强等独特的生物学特性,受到国内外学者的广泛关注。近年来,随着生物测序技术的快速发展,双峰驼全基因组测序及其功能基因组的研究相继发布。该文归纳了不同家养双峰驼品种特性,总结了双峰驼全基因组研究现状,回顾了双峰驼起源驯化历程,并重点介绍了双峰驼沙漠适应能力和免疫相关功能基因的研究进展,为全面了解双峰驼独特的生物学特性和遗传改良提供理论参考。

Bactrian camel is an important animal species in the Gobi Desert of Central Asia.Bactrian camels are rich in resources and have unique traits such as cold and heat resistance,starvation tolerance,and strong immune system,which have aroused the wide interest of scholars abroad and home.In recent years,with the rapid development of sequencing technology,Bactrian camel whole genome sequencing and its functional genome researches were emerged.This paper summarizes the characteristics of different domestic Bactrian camel breeds and the research status of the whole genome,reviews the origin and evolution,and introduces desert adaptation and immune-related functional genes of Bactrian camels.It provides theoretical reference for a comprehensive understanding of the unique biological characteristics and genetic improvement of Bactrian camels.