纳米硫化汞的环境生成及其溶解过程研究进展

Progress in Formation and Dissolution Processes of Nanoscale Mercury Sulfide in the Environment

硫化汞的形成和溶解在汞的迁移、还原、甲基化等地球化学循环中起着至关重要的作用。纳米硫化汞是环境中广泛存在的重要汞形态,可通过多种化学和生物途径形成与转化,较块状硫化汞具有更高的生物可利用性,可被微生物吸收并甲基化生成剧毒甲基汞,并通过食物链进行传递。文章总结了硫化汞纳米颗粒在环境中的生成及其溶解过程研究进展,为其生物地球化学循环研究提供科学依据。

The formation and dissolution of mercury sulfide play a crucial role in the geochemical cycles of mercury,including migration,reduction,and methylation.Nanoscale mercury sulfide,a widely distributed and important form of mercury in the environment,can be formed and transformed through various chemical and biological pathways.Compared to bulk mercury sulfide,nanoscale mercury sulfide has higher bioavailability,can be absorbed by microorganisms and methylated to generate highly toxic methylmercury,and transmitted through the food chain.This article summarizes the research progress on the generation and dissolution of nanoscale mercury sulfide in the environment,providing scientific basis for the study of its biogeochemical cycle.