长江中游城市群乡村旅游空间分布特征及影响因素——以乡村旅游重点村为例

Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Key Villages of Rural Tourism in Urban Agglomeration in Middle Reaches of Yangtze River

乡村旅游是促进乡村振兴、实现共同富裕的重要路径,在城乡统筹和区域协调发展中发挥着重要作用。以长江中游城市群为研究区域,借助ArcGIS 10.6空间分析工具,通过最邻近指数、不均衡指数和地理探测器等方法系统分析长江中游城市群乡村旅游重点村的空间分异规律。结果表明:(1)从整体上看,长江中游城市群乡村旅游重点村的局部集聚特征明显,存在2个高密度区,4个次高密度区,呈现出邻近经济发达、自然和文化富集地区的特征,主要分布在长江中游城市群东部、南部地区,如上饶、抚州、吉安衡阳、长沙等地市;(2)从类型结构来看,长江中游城市群的乡村旅游类型主要包括农业生产类、文化民俗类、景区景点依托类、自然生态类和红色遗址遗迹5大类,多呈凝聚态势分布,以农业景观观光和农产品采摘为主要产品构成的乡村旅游重点村占比较多,乡村旅游业态的发展模式单一;(3)从影响因素来看,长江中游城市群乡村旅游重点村的空间分布受自然与人文因素综合影响,其中交通条件影响最为显著,其次为常住人口和经济发展水平。此外,长江中游城市群乡村旅游重点村空间分布是自然、社会经济影响因素综合作用的结果,双因素交互作用的影响效应比单因素的影响效应显著,呈现出非线性增强和双因子增强两种效应。最后,根据长江中游城市群典型性乡村旅游资源的类型结构及其空间分布现状,为长江中游城市群乡村旅游的联动发展提供建议,以期发挥乡村旅游在城乡统筹以及区域协调发展中的正向效应,推动长江中游城市群协同高质量发展。

Rural tourism is an important way to promote rural revitalization and achieve common prosperity,and plays an important role in the overall development of urban and rural areas and the coordinated development of regions.Taking the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as the research area,this study systematically analyzed the spatial differentiation of the key rural tourism villages in the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,with the help of ArcGIS 10.6 spatial analysis tool and the methods of nearest proximity index,disequilibrium index and geographic detector.The results showed that:(1)On the whole,the local agglomeration characteristics of rural tourism key villages in the study area were obvious,with 2 high density areas and 4 sub-high density areas,showing the characteristics of being near economically developed,natural and cultural rich areas.They were mainly distributed in the eastern and southern parts,such as Shangrao,Fuzhou,Ji’an Hengyang,Changsha and other cities.(2)From the perspective of type structure,the rural tourism types of the study area mainly included agricultural production,cultural and folk customs,scenic attraction support,natural ecology and red ruins,and most of them were distributed in a cohesive pattern.The rural tourism key villages with agricultural landscape sightseeing and agricultural product picking as the main products accounted for a large number.The development mode of rural tourism was single;(3)From the perspective of influencing factors,the spatial distribution of the key villages of rural tourism was affected by both natural and human factors,among which the traffic conditions had the most significant influence,followed by permanent population and economic development level.In addition,the spatial distribution of the key villages of rural tourism was the result of the comprehensive effects of natural and social economic factors.The effect of the interaction of two factors was more significant than that of the single factor,showing two kinds of effects:nonlinear enhancement and double enhancement.Finally,according to the type structure and spatial distribution of typical rural tourism resources,this study provided suggestions on the linkage development of rural tourism,in order to strengthen the role of rural tourism in urban and rural coordination and regional development.