偃师商城小城城市空间格局的新认识

New Insights into the Urban Spatial Pattern of the Inner City at the Yanshi Shang City Site

通过40年考古工作明确了偃师商城小城的城墙、道路、城门、给排水系统等城市要素及形制特征,区分出多个功能区。结合考古发现推断小城营建于偃师商城商文化一期Ⅱ段,废弃于三期Ⅵ段。偃师商城小城选址遵循“经水若泽”理念,规划特点明确,空间功能清晰,是研究夏商时期城市规划思想和营造理念的重要例证。

After 40 years of archaeological work,including systematic surveys and excavations conducted since 2018,the urban layout of the inner city at the Yanshi Shang city have been definitively made clear.These urban features include city walls,a combined circular and grid-like road system,city gates,water supply and drainage systems,and their respective formal characteristics.Multiple functional divisions have been distinguished,such as that of the palatial city in the central-southern part and the storage area in the northwestern part,resulting in a gradually clearer picture of the urban spatial pattern.Based on archaeological discoveries,this study suggests that the construction of the inner city occurred during PhaseⅡof the Shang culture at the Yanshi Shang city and was abandoned during PhaseⅥof the third period.The site selection adhered to the principle of jingshui ruoze(“along rivers and beside wetlands”),and the urban spatial layout exhibited a grid-like pattern.The spatial scale of individual units reflected the concept of fangli erjing(“a square with one li on each side as one grid unit”).Water supply and drainage canals were also constructed inside the city.The inner city,with clear planning and spatial functions,represents an important case for the study of urban planning and construction concepts during the Xia and Shang periods.