公路隧道竖向滑梯人员疏散行为及通行能力试验研究

Experimental study on pedestrian behavior and evacuation capacity of vertical slide in road tunnel

为探究公路隧道内竖向滑梯人员疏散行为及通行能力,采用现场试验,分析性别差异及人员组织秩序对滑梯通行过程的影响。结果表明:人员滑梯通过时间处于1~3 s,在有序疏散时减少。少数参与者对竖向滑梯感到畏惧,建议设置滑梯安全使用说明及注意事项等缓解人员恐慌心理。单滑梯疏散时,不管采取何种人员组织秩序,男性的平均滑行速度始终大于女性;有序疏散时,男性和女性的平均滑行速度均有所增大,且女性增幅更大,尤其是在女士优先时。多滑梯疏散、有序疏散均能提高滑行速度;对于女性,有序疏散时滑行速度提高程度更大,但滑行速度并非越大越好,速度过大会产生危害,建议在滑梯出口处采取一些缓冲措施保障人员安全。竖向滑梯通行能力处于24.3~30.9人/min,平均通行能力为27.63人/min。

In order to study the pedestrian behavior and evacuation capacity of vertical slide in road tunnel,the field tests were used to analyze the effect of gender differences and organizational order of personnel on the process of sliding.The results showed that the time to pass through a slide ranged from 1 s to 3 s and decreased during an orderly evacuation.A few participants were intimidated by the vertical slides,and it is recommended that instructions on the safe use of the slides and precautions are installed to alleviate people's fear.In single⁃slide evacuation,the average sliding speed of males was always greater than that of females,regardless of the order in which people were organized.In orderly evacuation,the average sliding speed of both males and females increased.Fe⁃males were better positioned than males,especially when it comes to ladies first.Multi⁃slide evacuation and orderly evacua⁃tion both increased the sliding speed.For females,the sliding speed increased to a greater extent during orderly evacuation.But it was not safe to slide too fast,excessive speed could be hazard⁃ous,and it is recommended that some cushioning measures are taken at the exit of the slide to ensure the safety of personnel.The evacuation capacity of vertical slide ranged from 24.3 persons/min to 30.9 persons/min,with an average evacuation capacity of 27.63 persons/min.