柔性石墨金属复合结构密封垫片研究进展

Progress in Research on Flexible Graphite Metal Composite Structure Sealing Gasket

新型碳材料中,柔性石墨因其高耐候、抗辐射、低膨胀和良好的自润滑性而得到广泛应用,被誉为“当代密封之王”。但由于柔性石墨的多孔性、吸油性、低强度等缺点导致服役中易出现压溃、散架状况,严重制约了该材料的应用推广。柔性石墨复合材料兼具石墨和金属两者的优异性能,能够形成多道密封,逐渐成为石油、化工、汽车、核电等领域极端工况下密封材料的首选材料。文章分析了复合垫片的结构形式以及构成情况,并对石墨密封件在石化、核电等领域的应用前景和发展趋势进行了展望。

Among the new carbon materials,flexible graphite is widely used because of its high weather resistance,radiation resistance,low expansion and good self-lubrication,and is known as the“king of contemporary sealing”.However,due to the shortcomings of flexible graphite such as porosity,oil absorption and low strength,it is easy to collapse and fall apart in service,which seriously restricts the application and promotion of this material.Flexible graphite composites have the excellent properties of both graphite and metal,and can form multi-channel seals,and have gradually become the preferred materials for sealing materials under extreme conditions in petroleum,chemical,automotive,nuclear power and other f ields.In this paper,the structure and composition of composite gaskets are analyzed,and the application prospect and development trend of graphite seals in petrochemical,nuclear power and other f ields are prospected.