于伶佚剧《灯塔》考论

Research on Yu Ling's“Lost”Play The Lighthouse

于伶在20世纪80年代撰写的回忆文章中曾提到包括《灯塔》在内的三部独幕剧处女作,并称其未经发表便已佚失。此说法后来广为学界采信,但其实早在1931年《灯塔》就已于《黄埔月刊》上连载发表。经考证,《灯塔》作于1931年1月中下旬,具有一定自传性,九年后于伶又将之改编为《大明英烈传》。《灯塔》作为新出史料不仅重新定位了于伶戏剧创作的起点,还实现了其独幕剧和多幕剧创作思想的贯通,有助于更准确地接近于伶创作的全貌。于伶晚年以“未刊已佚”之说隐蔽《灯塔》的发表史实乃是一种“自我经典化”的追求,这种隐秘心态应在今后的辑佚工作中得到重视。

In a memoir article written by Yu Ling in the 1980s,he mentioned three debut one-act plays,including The Lighthouse,and claimed that they were lost before publication.This statement was later widely accepted in academic circles,but in fact The Lighthouse had been serialized and published in Whampoa Monthly as early as 1931.According to textual research,The Lighthouse was written in mid to late January 1931 and is somewhat autobiographical.Nine years later,Yu Ling adapted it into The Legend of the Heroes of the Ming Dynasty.As a new historical material,The Lighthouse not only repositions the starting point of Yu Ling's drama creation,but also connects his thoughts on one-act drama and multi-act drama,which leads to a more accurate picture of Yu's creation.In his later years,Yu Ling concealed the publication history of The Lighthouse by saying“it was lost before publication”,which was a pursuit of“self-classification”.This hidden mentality should be taken into account in future compilation works.