导演意识与梅兰芳的戏曲艺术

Director's Consciousness and Mei Lanfang's Xiqu Art

梅兰芳作为中国京剧旦脚表演艺术的集大成者,具有丰富的舞台经验,取得了卓越的艺术成就。特别是在其艺术生涯的晚期,他所创造的剧目、塑造的人物达到了极高的艺术境界。其中的原因,与梅兰芳创作中日趋自醒自觉的戏曲导演意识有关。在《宇宙锋》《贵妃醉酒》《穆桂英挂帅》等剧目中,梅兰芳不仅深挖剧目内涵,对文本进行再创造,还主动体验人物、创造角色,并用以指导他人。梅兰芳的戏曲导演工作对今天的戏曲表导演创作具有重要的启示。

Mei Lanfang,the maestro of Chinese Jingju performing art,has rich stage experience and outstanding artistic achievements.Especially in the later period of his artistic career,the plays and the characters he created reached a remarkably high artistic level.This achievement is related to Mei Lanfang's increasing consciousness of the role of Xiqu director in his creations.In representative plays such as Sword of the Cosmos,The Drunken Concubine and Female General Mu Guiying,Mei Lanfang not only delved into the connotation of the play and recreated the text,but also took the initiative to experience the characters,to create roles,and to guide others.Mei Lanfang's work as a Xiqu director has important implications for today's Xiqu acting and directing.