有机(类)肥料对作物产量、土壤养分及土壤微生物多样性的影响

Effects of organic-like fertilizers on crop yield,soil nutrients,and soil microbial diversity

过量的化肥施用导致土壤退化,降低耕地生产力的可持续性。合理地培肥土壤是作物稳产、增产的关键,为实现农业绿色可持续发展,施用有机(类)肥料成为必然的趋势。本文综述了有机(类)肥料种类、制造工艺、产品标准以及施用有机(类)肥料对作物产量、作物养分利用率、土壤物理结构和养分含量的影响,探讨了施用有机(类)肥料条件下农田土壤酶活性和微生物多样性的变化。分析了当前有机(类)肥料研究和推广应用中存在的问题,对有机(类)肥料在未来农业中的研究方向和应用进行了展望,为实现绿色可持续性生产提供有益参考。

Excessive fertilizer application leads to soil degradation and reduces the sustainability of cultivated land productivity.Reasonable soil fertilization is the key to stable and increase crop yield.In order to achieve green and sustainable development of agriculture,the application of organic-like fertilizers has become an inevitable trend.In this paper,the types,manufacturing processes,and product standards of organic-like fertilizers were analyzed,and the effects of applying organic-like fertilizers on crop yield,crop nutrient utilization efficiency,soil physical structure and nutrient content were reviewed,and the changes of soil enzyme activity and microbial diversity under application of organic-like fertilizers were discussed.In view of the shortcomings in the current research and application of organic fertilizers,this article provided prospects for the research directions and applications in future agriculture,aiming to provide useful references for achieving green and sustainable production.