梅兰芳早期演出班社的影响——以喜连成、双庆班、玉成班为例

The Characteristics and Influence of Mei Lanfang's early Opera Troupe——Take Xi Lian Cheng,Shuang QingTroupe,Yu Cheng Troupe for example

梅兰芳作为职业演员,其演出生涯的一生均浸润在演出团体中,但这个重要的群体往往被忽视,鲜少有相关阐述,这就是演出班社。晚清至民国时期,梅兰芳先入喜连成,后搭双庆班,再后搭玉成班、春合社、桐馨社等班社,再自组崇林社、承华社。演出班社是戏曲演员重要的艺术场域和职业机构,梅兰芳与其水乳交融,特别是早期演出班社喜连成、双庆班、玉成班对梅兰芳产生了极为深远的影响,班社的发展直接推动了梅兰芳戏曲艺术的提升,梅兰芳携手经验丰富的舞台合作伙伴,推出众多叫好又叫座的演出剧目,充分体现出戏曲一棵菜的精神。梅兰芳与班社的合作与创新也推动了当时戏曲艺术的繁荣。

As a professional actor,Mei Lanfang has been immersed in the performance group throughout her acting career,but this important group is often ignored and rarely elaborated,which is the performance troupe.In the process of Mei Lanfang's performing arts,there is an important group that is often overlooked and rarely elaborated,and that is the opera troupe.From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,Mei Lanfang first entered Xiliancheng,then took the Shuangqing troupe,and then took the Yucheng troupe,the Chunhe troupe,the Tongxin troupe and other opera troupes,and then organized the Chonglin troupe and the Chenghua troupe.The opera troupe is an important artistic field and professional institution for opera actors,Mei Lanfang and its blend,especially the early performance troupe Xi Liancheng,Shuangqing troupe,and Yucheng troupe have had a very far-reaching impact on Mei Lanfang,and the development of the troupe has directly promoted the promotion of Mei Lanfang s opera art.Mei Lanfang's cooperation and innovation with the opera troupe also promoted the prosperity of opera art at that time.