乡村振兴背景下农村集体经济的类型界定与治理效应

The Type Definition and Governance Effect of Rural Collective Economy under the Background of Rural Revitalization

治理有效是中国乡村振兴战略实施的核心,以中部地区农村集体经济发展为研究对象,分析集体经济的发展特征、路径与治理效应,建立“集体经济-有效治理”的分析框架。在实施乡村振兴战略的各项举措支持下,中国中部农村集体经济经历了快速发展,形成了具有小规模却相对稳定的兜底型集体经济,这也是一种新型集体经济。兜底型集体经济适应中西部乡村发展的现实,具有促进村庄有效治理的积极效应,具体表现为促进了村级组织稳定运转、维持小微公共品有序供给、为留守农民提供基本公共服务等。提出中国应立足于中西部集体经济发展现实,避免集体经济发展实践中盲目“经营村庄”的实践误区,分类推进集体经济发展,加强村社集体统筹能力建设,以实现村庄有效治理。

Effective governance is the core of the implementation of China′s rural revitalization strategy.Taking the development of rural collective economy in the central region as the research object,this paper analyzes the development characteristics,paths and governance effects of the collective economy,and establishes an analytical framework of"collective economy-effective governance".With various supports to the rural revitalization strategy implementation,the rural collective economy in central China has experienced rapid development,forming a small-scale but relatively stable"collective economy with basic living standard guarantees",which is also a new type of collective economy.This collective economy type adapts to the reality of rural development in the central and Western regions,and has a positive effect in promoting effective village governance,specifically in promoting the stable operation of village level organizations,maintaining the orderly supply of small and micro public goods,and providing basic public services for left-behind farmers.It is proposed that based on the reality of the collective economy development in the central and Western regions,China should promote the development of collective economy by classification and strengthen the collective planning capacity construction in village communities,so as to achieve effective village governance and avoid the practice mistakes of blindly"managing villages"in the collective economic development.