三维螺旋桨防冰热载荷分布研究

Study on Anti⁃icing Heat Load Distribution for a Three⁃Dimensional Propeller

防冰热载荷分布预测是螺旋桨飞机防冰系统设计的关键,目前对螺旋桨飞机防冰热载荷的研究却十分匮乏。基于多参考系和Messinger热力学模型对三维螺旋桨进行了模拟,分析了防冰热载荷的影响。结果表明:防冰热载荷主要集中在叶片前缘,沿叶片展向先增大后减小;随着来流速度的增加,防冰功率及范围均先增大后减小。由于旋转效应的影响,迎角的影响可以忽略不计。此外,随着环境温度的降低,防冰功率呈线性增加。基于CCAR-25附录C规定的严重结冰条件,转速为660 r/min时,叶片的防冰范围在弦向上极限为2.1%,在弦向下极限为6.7%;防冰最大功率为9.5 kW/m2。单台螺旋桨防冰功率超过1.96 kW。本研究为螺旋桨飞机的表面防冰提供了科学的解释,为螺旋桨飞机防冰系统的安装提供了理论依据。

At present,research on the anti-icing heat loads of propeller aircraft is inadequate,while predicting the distribution of anti-icing heat loads is crucial for designing propeller aircraft anti-icing systems.A three-dimensional propeller is simulated based on the multiple reference frame and Messinger thermodynamic model to analyze the effect of the anti-icing heat load.The results indicate that the majority of the anti-icing heat loads concentrates at the leading edge of the blade,with an initial increase and subsequent decrease along the spreading direction.As the incoming flow speed increases,both the value and range of anti-icing power initially increase and then decrease.The influence of the angle of attack is negligible due to the rotating effect.The anti-icing power increases linearly as the temperature drops.Considering the provisions in Appendix C of CCAR-25,when the rotation speed is 660 r/min,the chordwise upward limit is 12.1%,the chordwise downward limit is 6.7%,and the maximum anti-icing power density is 9.5 kW/m2.The anti-icing power of the single propeller exceeds 1.96 kW.This study provides a scientific explanation for the surface anti-icing of propeller aircraft and a theoretical basis for the installation of anti-icing systems on propeller aircraft.