数字乡村建设背景下乡镇社工站的“悬浮”困境与破解之道

The Levitation Dilemma and Its Countermeasures of Township Social Work Station Under the Background of Digital Village Construction

近年来,为减轻基层政府治理负担,激发社会治理活力,在相关政策引导下购买社会服务引进第三方社会组织参与乡村治理成为当下基层乡村治理新方式。基于M市6个乡镇社工站的调研发现,在乡村治理过程中,由于治理任务与行政负担并存,乡镇将一部分繁重的行政负担转移到乡镇社工站身上,任务转移并未实现权力下放,基层政权仍“悬浮”于乡村治理之上、基层服务也“悬浮”于村民之上。由于乡镇社工站缺乏治理自主权,在参与乡村治理过程中较依赖基层政府与村委会,呈现出“脱嵌”的乡村治理形态。因此,本文提出通过数字化技术嵌入乡村治理体系赋能乡镇社工站,以构建现代化的乡村治理共同体,破解当下乡镇社工站参与乡村治理过程中资源悬浮与服务悬浮困境。

In recent years,in order to reduce the burden of grass-roots government governance and stimulate the vitality of social governance,purchasing social service and introducing third-party social organizations to participate in rural governance under the guidance of relevant policies has become a new way of grass-roots rural governance.Based on the investigation of six township social work sta-tions in M city,this paper found that in the process of rural governance,due to the coexistence of governance tasks and administrative burdens,the township transferred part of the heavy administra-tive burden to the township social work stations,and the task transfer did not realize the decentraliza-tion of power,and the grass-roots political power was still"levitated"in rural governance and grass-roots service were"levitated"in the villagers.Due to the lack of governance autonomy,township so-cial work stations rely more on grass-roots governments and village committees in the process of par-ticipating in rural governance,showing a"detached"form of rural governance.Therefore,this paper proposed to empower rural social work stations by embedding digital technology into the rural governance sys-tem,so as to build a modern rural governance community and solve the current dilemma of resource and serv-ice levitation in the process of rural social work stations participating in rural governance.