“一大”前共产党早期组织的妇女报刊实践——基于对《劳动与妇女》的考察

Periodical on Women Issues Published by the Communist Party of China before the First National Congress——Based on the Research of Labor and Women

广州的共产党早期组织于1921年2月创办周刊《劳动与妇女》,是处在萌芽期的中国共产党系统探讨妇女问题的起点。基于对其报道文本和作者群体的考察,本文发现,《劳动与妇女》以马克思主义妇女观分析了中国妇女受压迫的机制,并且从政府与法律、教育与就业以及个体努力等宏观、中观、微观不同维度提出了妇女解放的路径和方法。“阶级”这一马克思主义的核心概念是其最重要的分析框架,相比于此前对马克思主义妇女观的抽象引介,《劳动与妇女》更强调以阶级视角对本土问题展开具体分析;但是,对阶级的过分强调也在某种程度上遮蔽了文化等其他因素,消解了性别议题的主体性和特殊性。

The early organization of CPC in Guangzhou founded a weekly periodical Labor and Women in February 192l,which was the starting point for the budding CPC to explore women's issues systematically.Based on the investigation of its articles and authors,this paper finds that Labor and Women analyzed the oppression suffered by Chinese women from the perspective of Marxist view,and put forward guidelines and ways of women's emancipation from different aspects,namely the political system and law,education and employment,and individual efforts.Class,the core concept of Marxism,was the most important analytical tool of Labor and Women.Compared with the previous abstract introduction to the Marxist View of Women in 191os,Labor and Women applied Marxism to analyze the specific condition of Chinese women.However,the over-emphasis on class obscured cultural factors in women's oppression to some extent,and dissolved the subjectivity and particularity of gender issues.