面向轨道交通与土地利用一体化的节点-场所模型研究综述

A Review of Node-Place Model for Integration of Urban Rail and Land Use

站点地区是轨道交通和土地利用交互的主要区域,其综合开发是交通规划和城市研究的经典问题。以公共交通为导向的发展(transit-oriented development,TOD)既是公共交通引导的社区建设模式,也是交通与城市融合的高质量发展理念。Bertolini提出的节点-场所模型能够有效评估公共交通站点地区的交通和土地利用一体化发展,为TOD理论提供融合发展的分析框架。基于此,本文首先从建成环境的角度介绍TOD的基本概念以及轨道交通与土地一体化模型,然后系统地梳理节点-场所模型的经典形式及其改进模型,总结节点-场所模型常见的评估指标及车站影响范围参数,最后归纳节点-场所模型的经典应用场景,提出其局限性及发展方向。研究成果有助于更好地评估交通和土地利用一体化发展水平,进一步促进轨道交通站点地区的协调发展。

Stations are areas where urban rail and land use interact.The integrated development of transportation and land use in urban station areas is a key issue in traffic planning and urban studies.Transit-oriented development(TOD)represents a community development mode guided by public transportation.Additionally,it embodies a high-quality concept integrating transportation and metropolises.The node-place model proposed by Bertolini can effectively measure the coordination between transportation and land use in the area of public transportation stations and correspondingly provides an analytical framework for the integrated development of TOD.This paper introduces the basic concept of TOD and integrates models of urban rail and land use from the perspective of the built environment.Then,we systematically state the classical form of node-place models and their improved models and summarize the built environment indicators and pedestrian catchment area parameters of node-place models.Finally,we conclude with classical application scenarios of node-place models and propose their limitations and development directions.