轨道交通TOD推进城市更新的机制保障与实现路径——以东京二子玉川站再开发为例

Mechanism Guarantee and Realization Path of Urban Regeneration Promoted by Rail Transit TOD:A Case Study of Futako-Tamagawa Station in Tokyo

以公共交通为导向的城市开发(transit-oriented development,TOD)是实现特大城市有效更新的重要路径。针对轨道交通TOD推动城市更新的机制保障及实现路径问题,从制度特征、核心主体及更新规律3个层面总结东京轨道交通TOD推动城市更新发展的特征,分析东京二子玉川站再开发案例。研究结果表明:政府通过赋予以轨道主体为核心的再开发组织法定权利,将规划开发及土地利用的权利下放给市场,可以实现再开发组织自主进行项目设计和项目开发;实施“再开发促进地区”制度,放宽再开发区域内的容积率限制,能够激励轨道主体参与公共空间建设并获得更高的开发强度,推动土地利用价值最大化并实现参与主体的利益平衡。研究成果以期为我国特大城市TOD模式下的城市更新提供经验借鉴。

Urban regeneration oriented toward rail transit TOD is recognized as a pivotal approach for the effective renewal of megacities.This study analyzes the mechanism guarantee and realization path of promoting urban renewal by rail transit TOD,and analyzes the redevelopment case of Tokyo's Futako-Tamagawa Station.The characteristics of Tokyo's rail transit TOD that promote urban regeneration were analyzed based on three facets:institutional features,stakeholder attributes,and rejuvenation patterns.It was observed that the land use powers were delegated to the market by the government.This was achieved by entrusting the redevelopment organization,with the rail track as its core,to handle project design and development.By designating the rejuvenation zone as a“redevelopment promotion area,”relaxing constraints on the floor area ratio,and encouraging rail entities to engage in public space construction for higher developmental intensity,the maximization of land use value was promoted,ensuring a balanced interest among participants.The research results can provide experience and reference for urban renewal in China's mega cities under the TOD model.