转轴多维动态参数端面视觉测量方法

End Face Visual Measurement Method for Multi-Dimensional Dynamic Parameters of Rotating Shaft

针对转子多维动态信号测量需要在多个位置采用不同种类的传感器进行分布测量以及难以通过单一传感器实现转子多动态参数同步测量等问题,提出一种基于面阵相机的转轴多维动态参数的视觉同步测量方法。首先,系统地描述了基于转轴端面标靶图案的三维振动位移和转速视觉测量原理,建立了转轴真实动态参数和标靶图案动态参数之间的内在联系。其次,推导了转轴振动三维位移和转速测量公式,联合转轴三维运动仿真模型验证了转轴动态参数的测量原理和算法正确性,通过仿真模型分析了影响系统测量精度的因素。最后,通过搭建转子测试平台,将视觉系统测得的转轴三维振动位移和转速分别与电涡流位移传感器和编码器的测量结果进行对比,验证了转轴多维动态参数端面视觉测量方法的有效性和可靠性。

To deal with the issues that different types of sensors distributed at multiple locations are needed to realize multi-dimensional dynamic signals of rotors and the difficulty of achieving synchronous measurement of the multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of the rotating shaft through one kind of sensing method,a visual synchronous measurement method for multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of rotating shaft based on an area array camera is proposed.Firstly,the principle of three-dimensional vibration displacement and rotational speed measurement based on a target pattern on the end face of the rotating shaft is systematically described,and the intrinsic correlation between the real dynamic parameters of the rotating shaft and the dynamic parameters of the target pattern is established.Secondly,the formulas for measuring the three-dimensional displacement and rotational speed of the rotating shaft are derived,and the correctness of the measurement principle and algo-rithm of the dynamic parameters of the rotating shaft are verified by combining with a simulation model of the three-dimensional motion of the rotating shaft.The factors affecting the measurement accuracy of the system are analyzed through the simulation model.Finally,the three-dimensional vibration displacement and rotational speed of the rotating shaft obtained by the visual system are compared with the measurement results of an eddy current displacement sensor and an encoder by the rotor test platform,respectively,which shows the effective-ness and reliability of the visual measurement method for multi-dimensional dynamic parameters of the rotating shaft.