虚拟现实训练对养老机构轻度认知障碍病人的康复治疗效果

Effect of virtual reality training on rehabilitation therapy in patients with mild cognitive impairment in nursing home

目的 探讨虚拟现实(VR)训练对养老机构轻度认知障碍(MCI)病人的康复治疗效果。方法 将63例养老机构MCI病人按随机数表法分为VR组(n=32)和对照组(n=31)。2组病人均给予健康宣教和养老机构常规养老护理服务,VR组在此基础上给予VR训练干预。干预前和干预6个月后分别对2组病人进行认知功能[包括MoCA、Rivermead行为记忆测验第2版(RBMT-Ⅱ)、数字符号转换测验(DSST)、动物词语流畅性测验(AFT)和连线测验(TMT)A-B]、功能性体适能[包括8英尺起立行走测试(8UGT)、30 s手臂弯曲测试(30sACT)、30 s座椅站立测试(30sCST)、抓背测试(BST)、座椅体前伸测试(CSRT)和2 min踏步测试(2MST)]和生活质量[阿尔茨海默病生活质量量表(QOL-AD)]评估。结果 干预6个月后,VR组的MoCA、RBMT-Ⅱ、DSST、AFT、TMT-A、8UGT、30sACT、30sCST、CSRT、2MST和QOL-AD评估结果均较干预前及对照组有所改善,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),TMT-B、BST测试结果较干预前及对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而对照组的各项评估测试结果较干预前相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 VR训练能够有效改善养老机构MCI病人的认知功能和功能性体适能,提高生活质量,值得在养老机构进一步推广和实践。

Objective To explore the effect of virtual reality(VR)training on the rehabilitation therapy in the patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in nursing home.Methods A total of 63 patients with MCI in nursing home were randomly divided into the control group(n=31)and the VR group(n=32).Both groups received healthy education and routine care service of nursing home,and the VR group received VR training additionally.Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA),Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test Second Edition(RBMT-Ⅱ),Digit Symbol Substitution Test(DSST),Animal Fluency Test(AFT),Trail Making Test(TMT)A and B,8-foot Up and Go Test(8UGT),30-second Arm Curl Test(30sACT)30-second Chair Stand Test(30sCST),Back Scratch Test(BST),Chair Sit-and-Reach Test(CSRT),2-Minute Step Test(2MST)and Quality of Life-Alzheimer’s Disease(QOL-AD)were assessed before and 6 months after intervention.Results After 6 months of intervention,the scores of MoCA,RBMT-Ⅱ,DSST,AFT,TMT-A,8UGT,30sACT,30sCST,CSRT,2MST and QOL-AD in the VR group showed significant differences compared with those before intervention and those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the scores of TMT-B and BST showed no significant differences(P>0.05).While all the evaluation results in the control group showed no significant differences compared with those before intervention(P>0.05).Conclusions VR training can effectively improve the cognitive function and functional fitness,and can increase the quality of life of the patients with MCI in the nursing home.It is worthy of further promotion and practice in nursing home.