清代蒙古阿拉善和硕特旗的军事围猎及地理环境

Military Hunting of Alasha Qoshot Banner in Qing Dynasty and the Geographical Environment

通过分析清代蒙古阿拉善和硕特旗于1829年颁布的十条有关大型军事围猎的蒙古文律令,翔实阐明该旗军队进行围猎的时代背景、具体形式、主要环节、注意事项、借鉴由来等,进可探讨清代的军事围猎、骑兵作战与地理环境之间的关系问题。这部律令,揭示的不只是军事围猎这一具体事务,因参加围猎的俱是蒙古骑兵,所以从背后的骑兵运用体制,更能了解清代军事战略战术的一些发展脉络。且因军事围猎,与近现代装甲师团的包围歼灭具有很大的相似性,故在研究中外军事史、战争史方面亦有参考价值。

By analyzing ten Mongolian language bylaws regarding large-scale military battue hunt issued by the Mongolian Alasha Qoshot Banner in 1829,this paper provides the historical background,modality,procedures,precautions,origins,and so forth of the military battue hunt and examines the correlations between military battue hunts,cavalry organization,and the geographical environment.The bylaw concerns not only the military battue hunt per se but also how the Qing warfare strategy that evolved as it involves the Mongol cavalry operating system.As the military battue hunt closely resembles the annihilation siege undertaken by the Modern Armored Division,the study is of particular importance to both military history and war studies.