论知识产权确认不侵权之诉

On the Lawsuit of Confirming Non Infringement of Intellectual Property Rights

知识产权确认不侵权之诉具有独立的诉讼地位,它在性质上属于确认之诉。目前的司法解释仅对知识产权确认不侵权之诉的受理条件进行粗略规定,致使该制度在司法实践中仍存在法院并未完全采纳受理条件规定、侵权警告类型和判断标准多样化、催告行使诉权的要件适用差异化、证明责任分配相关规定不够清晰等疑难问题。据此,从明确确认利益是诉讼要件而不是起诉要件,根据解决手段的妥当性筛选侵权警告形式,通过纠纷解决的成熟性修正书面催告程序,确立证明责任分配的规则为举证责任倒置等四方面提出确认不侵权之诉相关制度完善建议。

The lawsuit of confirming non infringement of intellectual property rights is independent,and it belongs to the category of confirmation lawsuit in nature.However,the current judicial interpretation only provides rough provisions on the acceptance conditions for the lawsuit of the confirmation of non infringement of intellectual property rights,resulting in difficult issues in judicial practice,namely,the court not fully adopting the acceptance conditions,the diversification of infringement warning types and judgment standards,the differentiation of application requirements for urging the exercise of litigation rights,and the unclear distribution of burden of proof.In order to solve the above dilemma,it is suggested to improve the relevant system of confirming non infringement litigation from four aspects:clearly confirming that interests are litigation elements rather than prosecution elements,screening infringement warning forms according to the appropriateness of the means of solution,revising the written notice procedure through the maturity of dispute resolution,and establishing the rule of distribution of burden of proof as Reverse onus.