从体用分离到体用合一——日本核污水排海折射的全球环境治理危机与出路

From Separation of Foundation and Application to Its Integration:The Global Environmental Governance Crisis and Solutions Reflected by Japan's Nuclear Contaminated Water Release

全球环境治理的研究与实践中存在“应然”与“实然”的错位,日本核污水排海即是典型代表。基于中国传统哲学中的体用论,可以构建无体无用、有体无用、体用分离与体用合一的全球环境治理类型。其中,体用分离揭示了日本核污水排海的发生逻辑。“中心—边缘”的利益结构失衡、“治理者—污染者”的角色结构冲突以及“区域环保—全球污染”的治理结构矛盾,是体用分离产生的结构性诱因。体用分离可能造成全球环境问题的失控、国家政治的失信以及科学话语的失真。面对全球环境治理中的不确定性与不稳定性,体用合一是理想的出路,这需要各国政府不断提升政治诚信与治理水平,努力做到全球环保共识与国内环境治理实践的统一。

Existing global environmental governance research often overlooks the tension between ideal and practical aspects.Base on the traditional Chinese philosophy's“Ti Yong”,we propose four types of global environmental governance:“foundation without application”“no foundation and no application”“separation of foundation and application”“integration of foundation and application”.The“separation of foundation and application”type helps explain Japan's decision to release Nuclear Contaminated Water into the ocean.Structural factors,such as imbalanced interests,role conflicts,and governance contradictions,contribute to this type,potentially leading to uncontrolled global environmental issues,political credibility erosion,and scientific discourse distortion.To address global environmental governance uncertainties,“integration of foundation and application”is ideal,but it requires enhancing government integrity and governance capabilities,aiming at unified global environmental consensus and domestic environmental governance.