科技服务业集聚对制造企业创新的影响

Impact of agglomeration in the S&T service industry on the innovation of manufacturing enterprises

科技服务业是创新链产业链深度融合的纽带,是实现科技创新引领制造业高质量发展的关键一环,探究科技服务业集聚如何赋能制造企业创新具有重要意义。本文立足科技服务业的内涵特征与服务内容,采用2008—2019年沪深A股制造业上市公司数据,运用面板Tobit回归模型进行实证检验,结果发现:地区科技服务业集聚显著促进制造企业发明创造的高水平创新行为,对低水平创新没有显著影响。该促进作用分别受到地区技术市场发育与企业融资约束的正、负向调节效应影响。异质性分析发现,科技服务业集聚对高技术制造企业、非国有企业、东部地区企业的创新促进作用更加明显;中低技术制造业、东部地区企业更容易从地区技术交易和转移中获益;缓解外部融资约束能够显著提升高技术制造业、非国有企业、中西部地区企业共享科技服务业集聚的创新溢出效应。本文在企业微观层面证实了科技服务业集聚的创新促进效应,也为有效完善制造企业创新服务体系提供了新的政策启示。

As the S&T service industry is an important link of the deep integration of innovation chain and industrial chain,and plays a crucial role in the realization of innovation-driven“high-quality development”of manufacturing industry,it is of great significance to explore how the agglomeration in the S&T service industry promote the innovation behavior of manufacturing enterprises.To explore this problem,this paper made a theoretical analysis of the connotation characteristics and service content of the S&T service industry.Then,based on the data of A-share listed manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2008 to 2019 and the panel Tobit regression model,the impact and action mechanism of agglomeration in the S&T service industry on manufacturing enterprises innovation were empirically analyzed.The research conclusions are as follows:The agglomeration in the S&T service industry at provincial level significantly promotes the high-level innovations represented by invention patent authorization,but has no significant impact on low-level innovations.The promotion is affected by the positive moderating effect of regional technological market development and the negative moderating effect of corporate financing constraints.To further analyze these phenomena above,the authors divided the companies into SOE group and non-SOE group,high-tech industry group and middle-and low-tech industry group,as well as eastern region group and central and western regions group.The analysis of heterogeneity showed that the impact of agglomeration in the S&T service industry on promoting enterprise innovation is more significant in the eastern region,high-tech manufacturing industry and non-state-owned enterprises.The middle and low technology manufacturing industry and enterprises in the eastern regions are more likely to benefit from the development of technology transaction market.The high-tech manufacturing industry,non-state-owned enterpriseand enterprises in the central and western regions are significantly benefit from the innovation spillover of the agglomeration in the S&T service industry with the financing constraint alleviated.In summary,this study confirmed that the agglomeration in the S&T service industry have a significantly positive effect on promoting innovation at the micro-level of enterprises,and will provide new insights on effectively improving the innovation service support system for manufacturing enterprises.