就业质量视角下的教育—工作匹配影响因素实证研究

An Empirical Research on the Factors Affecting Education-job Matching from the Perspective of Employment Quality

采用雇员雇主匹配数据,基于客观评价结果,利用二元logit回归方法,以大专及以上毕业生为研究对象,从教育特征、人口特征和就业特征三个方面,研究了影响教育—工作匹配的因素。研究发现:人口特征对教育—工作匹配有影响,其中男性群体的年龄对教育—工作的匹配概率没有显著影响,而女性群体的年龄对教育—工作的匹配概率有显著负向影响;母亲的学历对男性毕业生教育—工作的匹配率正向影响要高于对女性毕业生的影响。教育特征对教育—工作匹配有影响,其中毕业生的学历对教育—工作匹配有显著的负向影响;通用性专业毕业生的教育—工作匹配概率较低。就业特征对教育—工作匹配有影响,其中毕业生的工资对教育—工作匹配存在正向影响,企业建立年限也对教育—工作匹配存在着正向影响。研究结果解释了人口特征、教育特征和就业特征对教育—工作匹配的影响机理,丰富了教育—工作匹配方面的相关文献,为优化当下的教育专业结构,使教育与劳动力市场之间形成有效衔接提供了依据。

Taking graduates with a college degree or above as the research subjects,factors affecting education-job matching are analyzed from the perspective of education,demographic and employment characteristics with binary logit regression method based on employee-employer matching data and objective evaluation results.The study shows that the education-job matching is influenced by demographic characteristics.The age of the male group has no significant effect on the education-job matching probability,while the age of the female group has a significant negative impact on the education-job matching probability;the mother’s educational background has a positive effect on the male graduates’education-job matching rate which is higher than that of female graduates.Educational characteristics have an impact on education-job matching,and graduates’educational background has a significant negative impact on education-job matching;graduates with universal majors have a lower probability of education-job matching.Employment characteristics have an impact on education-job matching,and graduates’wages have a positive impact on education-wage matching,and the company’s history also has a positive impact on education-job matching.The research results explain the influence mechanism of the demographic,educational and employment characteristics,enrich the references of literature on education-job matching,and provide a basis for optimizing current educational specialties and forming an effective connection between education and labor market.